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新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 2 Reading for writing教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The theme of this section is to express people's views on studying abroad. With the continuous development of Chinese economic construction, especially the general improvement of people's living standards, the number of Chinese students studying abroad at their own expense is on the rise. Many students and parents turn their attention to the world and regard studying abroad as an effective way to improve their quality, broaden their horizons and master the world's advanced scientific knowledge, which is very important for the fever of going abroad. Studying abroad is also an important decision made by a family for their children. Therefore, it is of great social significance to discuss this issue. The theme of this section is the column discussion in the newspaper: the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad. The discourse is about two parents' contribution letters on this issue. They respectively express their own positions. One thinks that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages, and the other thinks that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. The two parents' arguments are well founded and logical. It is worth noting that the two authors do not express their views on studying abroad from an individual point of view, but from a national or even global point of view. These two articles have the characteristics of both letters and argumentative essays1.Guide the students to read these two articles, and understand the author's point of view and argument ideas2.Help the students to summarize the structure and writing methods of argumentative writing, and guides students to correctly understand the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad3.Cultivate students' ability to analyze problems objectively, comprehensively and deeply
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 2 Using langauge-Listening教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
? B: Absolutely! Getting involved with Chinese cultural activities there definitely helped a lot. I got to practice my Chinese on a daily basis, and I could learn how native Chinese speakers spoke.? A: What do you feel is your biggest achievement?? B: Learning Chinese characters! I have learnt about 1,500 so far. When I first started, I didn't think it was even going to be possible to learn so many, but now I find that I can read signs, menus, and even some easy newspaper articles.? A: What are you most keen on?? B: I've really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture, in particular Chinese calligraphy. As I have learnt Chinese characters, I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning. I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way. ? A: Finally, what do you want to say to anyone interested in learning Chinese?? I have really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture, in particular Chinese Calligraphy. As I have learnt Chinese character, I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning. I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way.? A: Finally, what do you want to say to anyone interested in learning Chinese?? B: I'd say, give it a shot! While some aspects may be difficult, it is quite rewarding and you will be happy that you tried.? A: Thanks for your time. ? B:You're welcome.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 3 Using langauge-Listening教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
1． How is Hunan cuisine somewhat different from Sichuan cuisine?The heat in Sichuan cuisine comes from chilies and Sichuan peppercorns. Human cuisine is often hotter and the heat comes from just chilies.2.What are the reasons why Hunan people like spicy food?Because they are a bold people. But many Chinese people think that hot food helps them overcome the effects of rainy or wet weather.3.Why do so many people love steamed fish head covered with chilies?People love it because the meat is quite tender and there are very few small bones.4.Why does Tingting recommend bridge tofu instead of dry pot duck with golden buns?Because bridge tofu has a lighter taste.5 .Why is red braised pork the most famous dish?Because Chairman Mao was from Hunan, and this was his favorite food.Step 5: Instruct students to make a short presentation to the class about your choice. Use the example and useful phrases below to help them.? In groups of three, discuss what types of restaurant you would like to take a foreign visitor to, and why. Then take turns role-playing taking your foreign guest to the restaurant you have chosen. One of you should act as the foreign guest, one as the Chinese host, and one as the waiter or waitress. You may start like this:? EXAMPLE? A: I really love spicy food, so what dish would you recommend?? B: I suggest Mapo tofu.? A: Really ? what's that?
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 4 Learning about Language教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
This section guides students to pay attention to the typical context of vocabulary use, helps students accumulate vocabulary around the key vocabulary of this unit, and uses the learned words and word chunks in different contexts to deeply understand their meaning and usage, so as to achieve the purpose of review and consolidation.The teaching design activities aim to guide students to pay attention to the typical context in which the target vocabulary is used, as well as the common vocabulary used in collocation, so that students can complete the sentence with correct words. In terms of vocabulary learning strategies, this unit focuses on cultivating students' ability to pay attention to collocation of words and to use word blocks to express meaning.For vocabulary learning, it is not enough just to know the meaning of a single word, but the most important thing is to master the common collocations of words, namely word blocks.Teachers should timely guide students to summarize common vocabulary collocation, such as verb and noun collocation, verb and preposition collocation, preposition and noun collocation, and so on.1. Guide students to understand and consolidate the meaning and usage of the vocabulary in the context, 2. Guide the students to use the unit topic vocabulary in a richer context3. Let the students sort out and accumulate the accumulated vocabulary, establishes the semantic connection between the vocabulary,4. Enable students to understand and master the vocabulary more effectivelyGuiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 4 Reading for writing教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
假定你是英國(guó)的Jack，打算來(lái)中國(guó)旅行，請(qǐng)你給你的中國(guó)筆友李華寫(xiě)一封信，要點(diǎn)如下：1．你的旅行計(jì)劃：北京→泰山→杭州；2．征求建議并詢問(wèn)他是否愿意充當(dāng)你的導(dǎo)游。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右(開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：故宮 the Forbidden City；泰山 Mount TaiDear Li Hua，I'm glad to tell you that 'm going to visit China.First，I am planning to visit Beijing，the capitalof China，where I am looking forward to enjoying the Great Wall，the Forbidden City and somebeautiful parks.Then I intend to go to visit Mount Tai in Shandong Province.I've heard that it is one ofthe most famous mountains in China and I can't wait to enjoy the amazing sunrise there.After that，I amalso going to Hangzhou.It is said that it is a beautiful modern city with breathtaking natural sights，among which the West Lake is a well- known tourist attraction.What do you think of my travel plan? Will you act as my guide? Hope to hear from you soon.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 5 Learning about Language教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The purpose of this section of vocabulary exercises is to consolidate the key words in the first part of the reading text, let the students write the words according to the English definition, and focus on the detection of the meaning and spelling of the new words. The teaching design includes use English definition to explain words, which is conducive to improving students' interest in vocabulary learning, cultivating their sense of English language and thinking in English, and making students willing to use this method to better grasp the meaning of words, expand their vocabulary, and improve their ability of vocabulary application. Besides, the design offers more context including sentences and short passage for students to practice words flexibly.1. Guide students to understand and consolidate the meaning and usage of the vocabulary in the context, 2. Guide the students to use the unit topic vocabulary in a richer context3. Let the students sort out and accumulate the accumulated vocabulary, establishes the semantic connection between the vocabulary,4. Enable students to understand and master the vocabulary more effectivelyGuiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.Step1: Read the passage about chemical burns and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 5 Using langauge-Listening教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The theme of this section is to learn how to make emergency calls. Students should learn how to make emergency calls not only in China, but also in foreign countries in English, so that they can be prepared for future situations outside the home.The emergency telephone number is a vital hotline, which should be the most clear, rapid and effective communication with the acute operator.This section helps students to understand the emergency calls in some countries and the precautions for making emergency calls. Through the study of this section, students can accumulate common expressions and sentence patterns in this context. 1.Help students accumulate emergency telephone numbers in different countries and learn more about first aid2.Guide the students to understand the contents and instructions of the telephone, grasp the characteristics of the emergency telephone and the requirements of the emergency telephone.3.Guide students to understand the first aid instructions of the operators.4.Enable Ss to make simulated emergency calls with their partners in the language they have learned1. Instruct students to grasp the key information and important details of the dialogue.2. Instruct students to conduct a similar talk on the relevant topic.Step1:Look and discuss:Match the pictures below to the medical emergencies, and then discuss the questions in groups.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 4 Using langauge-Listening教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The theme of the listening section is " talking about scenery and culture along a journey."The part is designed to further lead the students to understand Canadian natural geography and social environment, and integrated into the cultural contrast by mentioning the long train journey from Beijing to Moscow routes. On this basis, the part activates students related travel experience, lets the student serial dialogue, guides the student to explore further the pleasure and meaning of the long journey, and Chinese and foreign cultural comparison.The part also provides a framework for the continuation of the dialogue, which is designed to provide a framework for students to successfully complete their oral expressions, and to incorporate an important trading strategy to end the dialogue naturally.1. Help students to understand and master some common English idioms in the context, and experience the expression effect of English idioms.2. Guide the students to understand the identity of different people in the listening context, and finish the dialogue according to their own experience.3. Instruct the students to use appropriate language to express surprise and curiosity about space and place in the dialogue, and master the oral strategy of ending the dialogue naturally.1. Instruct students to grasp the key information and important details of the dialogue.2. Instruct students to conduct a similar talk on the relevant topic.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 5 Reading and thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The theme of this activity is to learn the first aid knowledge of burns. Burns is common in life, but there are some misunderstandings in manual treatment. This activity provides students with correct first aid methods, so as not to take them for granted in an emergency. This section guides students to analyze the causes of scald and help students avoid such things. From the perspective of text structure and collaborative features, the text is expository. Expository, with explanation as the main way of expression, transmits knowledge and information to readers by analyzing concepts and elaborating examples. This text arranges the information in logical order, clearly presents three parts of the content through the subtitle, accurately describes the causes, types, characteristics and first aid measures of burns, and some paragraphs use topic sentences to summarize the main idea, and the level is very clear.1. Guide students to understand the causes, types, characteristics and first aid methods of burns, through reading2. Enhance students’ ability to deal withburnss and their awareness of burns prevention3. Enable students to improve the ability to judge the types of texts accurately and to master the characteristics and writing techniques of expository texts.Guide students to understand the causes, types, characteristics and first aid methods of burns, through readingStep1: Lead in by discussing the related topic:1. What first-aid techniques do you know of ?CPR; mouth to mouth artificial respiration; the Heimlich Manoeuvre
美術(shù)活動(dòng)：設(shè)計(jì)郵票課件教案
2．增進(jìn)幼兒裝飾美和色彩美的感受和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 活動(dòng)準(zhǔn)備：1．剪好花邊的鉛畫(huà)紙2．記號(hào)筆、油畫(huà)棒。（人手一份） 3．集郵冊(cè)3本。活動(dòng)重點(diǎn)： 幼兒學(xué)會(huì)用鮮明、柔和的色彩裝飾郵票?；顒?dòng)流程：欣賞郵票--師生討論--幼兒作畫(huà)--評(píng)價(jià)活動(dòng)
中班藝術(shù)：我來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)課件教案
活動(dòng)目標(biāo)：1、在對(duì)自己的家進(jìn)行觀察后，能大膽地表達(dá)出自己的見(jiàn)解。2、充分發(fā)揮幼兒的想象，設(shè)計(jì)自己心中的家庭用具。活動(dòng)準(zhǔn)備：1、課前對(duì)自己家進(jìn)行觀察。2、積木若干；繪畫(huà)材料。3、多媒體課件。活動(dòng)過(guò)程：一、課件出示，直導(dǎo)課題?！ ∏皫滋?，我們說(shuō)起了家，都說(shuō)自己家里的東西好，那請(qǐng)你們來(lái)講講看，你們家的什么東西好，好在什么地方？（鼓勵(lì)幼兒發(fā)表見(jiàn)解）二、啟發(fā)討論?！ 〗裉炖蠋熃o你們帶來(lái)了一個(gè)“家”，你們來(lái)看看，這個(gè)家怎么樣？（引導(dǎo)幼兒討論`如何為這個(gè)家設(shè)計(jì)家庭用具）
美術(shù)活動(dòng)：設(shè)計(jì)郵票課件教案
2．增進(jìn)幼兒裝飾美和色彩美的感受和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 活動(dòng)準(zhǔn)備：1．剪好花邊的鉛畫(huà)紙2．記號(hào)筆、油畫(huà)棒。（人手一份） 3．集郵冊(cè)3本?；顒?dòng)重點(diǎn)： 幼兒學(xué)會(huì)用鮮明、柔和的色彩裝飾郵票。活動(dòng)流程：欣賞郵票--師生討論--幼兒作畫(huà)--評(píng)價(jià)活動(dòng)
體育活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)《熊來(lái)啦》課件教案
我設(shè)計(jì)的這個(gè)活動(dòng)是受到一個(gè)經(jīng)典的體育游戲的啟發(fā)對(duì)其加以修改而成。游戲的名字叫《熊和小孩》，為了提高幼兒的興趣，我為游戲編了一首簡(jiǎn)短的兒歌《熊來(lái)啦》，將規(guī)則反映在了兒歌中，幫助幼兒掌握游戲規(guī)則。同時(shí)我發(fā)現(xiàn)大班幼兒的求知欲很強(qiáng)，所以這個(gè)游戲中也插入熊的習(xí)性方面的內(nèi)容。另外，其實(shí)很多幼兒早就會(huì)玩《木頭人》的游戲，這兩個(gè)游戲的玩法很相似，然而游戲換一首兒歌體現(xiàn)，會(huì)帶給幼兒新鮮感。我設(shè)計(jì)了讓幼兒自己商定游戲規(guī)則的環(huán)節(jié)，這樣幼兒在活動(dòng)中能主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，并且按自己的想法玩游戲，能提高幼兒的積極性，并體驗(yàn)成功感?；顒?dòng)名稱：體育游戲《熊來(lái)啦》活動(dòng)目標(biāo)：1、幼兒喜歡參與游戲，情緒積極愉快。2、幼兒通過(guò)游戲培養(yǎng)抑制自己行為的能力，訓(xùn)練反應(yīng)的靈敏性。 3、幼兒能按游戲規(guī)則進(jìn)行游戲?；顒?dòng)準(zhǔn)備：“熊”頭飾一只，圈劃幼兒活動(dòng)范圍和“熊家”活動(dòng)過(guò)程：1、導(dǎo)入活動(dòng)。 教師：“如果你突然遇到一頭大狗熊，你該怎么樣，它才不會(huì)吃你？”幼兒討論提出意見(jiàn)。
高教版中職數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)模塊下冊(cè)：9.5《柱、錐、球及其簡(jiǎn)單組合體》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
課題序號(hào) 授課班級(jí) 授課課時(shí)2授課形式 教學(xué)方法 授課章節(jié) 名稱9.5柱、錐、球及其組合體使用教具 教學(xué)目的1、使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)柱、錐、球及其組合體的結(jié)構(gòu)特征，并能運(yùn)用這些特征描述生活中簡(jiǎn)單物體的結(jié)構(gòu)。 2、讓學(xué)生了解柱、錐、球的側(cè)面積和體積的計(jì)算公式。 3、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生觀察能力、計(jì)算能力。
【高教版】中職數(shù)學(xué)拓展模塊：3.1《排列與組合》優(yōu)秀教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
教 學(xué) 過(guò) 程教師 行為學(xué)生 行為教學(xué) 意圖時(shí)間 *揭示課題 3．1 排列與組合． *創(chuàng)設(shè)情境 興趣導(dǎo)入 基礎(chǔ)模塊中，曾經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了兩個(gè)計(jì)數(shù)原理．大家知道： （1）如果完成一件事，有N類方式.第一類方式有k1種方法，第二類方式有k2種方法，……，第n類方式有kn種方法，那么完成這件事的方法共有 = + +…+（種）． （3.1） （2）如果完成一件事，需要分成N個(gè)步驟．完成第1個(gè)步驟有k1種方法，完成第2個(gè)步驟有k2種方法，……，完成第n個(gè)步驟有kn種方法，并且只有這n個(gè)步驟都完成后，這件事才能完成，那么完成這件事的方法共有 = · ·…·（種）． （3.2） 下面看一個(gè)問(wèn)題： 在北京、重慶、上海3個(gè)民航站之間的直達(dá)航線，需要準(zhǔn)備多少種不同的機(jī)票？ 這個(gè)問(wèn)題就是從北京、重慶、上海3個(gè)民航站中，每次取出2個(gè)站，按照起點(diǎn)在前，終點(diǎn)在后的順序排列，求不同的排列方法的總數(shù). 首先確定機(jī)票的起點(diǎn)，從3個(gè)民航站中任意選取1個(gè)，有3種不同的方法；然后確定機(jī)票的終點(diǎn)，從剩余的2個(gè)民航站中任意選取1個(gè)，有2種不同的方法．根據(jù)分步計(jì)數(shù)原理，共有3×2=6種不同的方法，即需要準(zhǔn)備6種不同的飛機(jī)票： 北京→重慶，北京→上海，重慶→北京，重慶→上海，上?！本虾！貞c. 介紹 播放 課件 質(zhì)疑 了解 觀看 課件 思考 引導(dǎo) 啟發(fā)學(xué)生得出結(jié)果 0 15*動(dòng)腦思考 探索新知 我們將被取的對(duì)象（如上面問(wèn)題中的民航站）叫做元素，上面的問(wèn)題就是：從3個(gè)不同元素中，任取2個(gè)，按照一定的順序排成一列，可以得到多少種不同的排列. 一般地，從n個(gè)不同元素中，任取m (m≤n)個(gè)元素，按照一定的順序排成一列，叫做從n個(gè)不同元素中取出m個(gè)元素的一個(gè)排列，時(shí)叫做選排列，時(shí)叫做全排列. 總結(jié) 歸納 分析 關(guān)鍵 詞語(yǔ) 思考 理解 記憶 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)解決問(wèn)題方法 20
第四單元《教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)》 說(shuō)課稿 2021—2022學(xué)年統(tǒng)編版高中語(yǔ)文必修下冊(cè)
（六）說(shuō)教學(xué)策略1.專題性海量的媒介信息必須加以選擇或者整合，以項(xiàng)目為依據(jù)，進(jìn)行信息篩選，形成專題性閱讀與交流；培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)文本信息“化零為整”的能力，提升跨媒介閱讀與交流學(xué)習(xí)的充實(shí)感。2.情境化情境教學(xué)應(yīng)指向?qū)W生的應(yīng)用，建構(gòu)富有符合時(shí)代氣息的內(nèi)容，與生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)更加貼合，對(duì)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言建構(gòu)與運(yùn)用有所提升，在情境中能夠有效地進(jìn)行交流。3.任務(wù)化以任務(wù)為導(dǎo)向的序列化學(xué)習(xí)，可以為學(xué)生構(gòu)建學(xué)習(xí)路線圖、學(xué)習(xí)框架等具體任務(wù)引導(dǎo)；或以跨媒介的認(rèn)識(shí)與應(yīng)用為任務(wù)的設(shè)置引導(dǎo)；甚至以閱讀和交流作為序列化安排的實(shí)踐引導(dǎo)。4.整合性跨媒介閱讀與交流是結(jié)合線上線下的資源，形成新的“超媒介”，也能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)信息進(jìn)行“深加工”，多種媒介的信息整合只為一個(gè)核心教學(xué)內(nèi)容服務(wù)。5.互文性語(yǔ)言文字是語(yǔ)文之生命，我們是立足于語(yǔ)言文字的探討，音樂(lè)、圖像、視頻等文本與傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)言文字文本形成互文，觸發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容立體化和具體化的感悟，提升學(xué)生的審美能力。
高教版中職數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)模塊下冊(cè)：10.3《總體、樣本與抽樣方法》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
教 學(xué) 過(guò) 程教師 行為學(xué)生 行為教學(xué) 意圖時(shí)間 *揭示課題 10.3總體、樣本與抽樣方法（一） *創(chuàng)設(shè)情境 興趣導(dǎo)入 【實(shí)驗(yàn)】 商店進(jìn)了一批蘋果，小王從中任意選取了10個(gè)蘋果，編上號(hào)并稱出質(zhì)量．得到下面的數(shù)據(jù)（如表10－6所示）： 蘋果編號(hào)12345678910質(zhì)量（kg）0.210.170.190.160.200.220.210.180.190.17 利用這些數(shù)據(jù)，就可以估計(jì)出這批蘋果的平均質(zhì)量及蘋果的大小是否均勻． 介紹 質(zhì)疑 講解 說(shuō)明 了解 思考 啟發(fā) 學(xué)生思考 0 10*動(dòng)腦思考 探索新知 【新知識(shí)】 在統(tǒng)計(jì)中，所研究對(duì)象的全體叫做總體，組成總體的每個(gè)對(duì)象叫做個(gè)體． 上面的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，這批蘋果的質(zhì)量是研究對(duì)象的總體，每個(gè)蘋果的質(zhì)量是研究的個(gè)體． 講解 說(shuō)明 引領(lǐng) 分析 理解 記憶 帶領(lǐng) 學(xué)生 分析 20*鞏固知識(shí) 典型例題 【知識(shí)鞏固】 例1 研究某班學(xué)生上學(xué)期數(shù)學(xué)期末考試成績(jī)，指出其中的總體與個(gè)體. 解 該班所有學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)期末考試成績(jī)是總體，每一個(gè)學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)期末考試成績(jī)是個(gè)體． 【試一試】 我們經(jīng)常用燈泡的使用壽命來(lái)衡量燈炮的質(zhì)量．指出在鑒定一批燈泡的質(zhì)量中的總體與個(gè)體． 說(shuō)明 強(qiáng)調(diào) 引領(lǐng) 觀察 思考 主動(dòng) 求解 通過(guò)例題進(jìn)一步領(lǐng)會(huì) 35
人教版高中數(shù)學(xué)選修3離散型隨機(jī)變量的方差教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
3.下結(jié)論.依據(jù)均值和方差做出結(jié)論.跟蹤訓(xùn)練2. A、B兩個(gè)投資項(xiàng)目的利潤(rùn)率分別為隨機(jī)變量X1和X2，根據(jù)市場(chǎng)分析， X1和X2的分布列分別為X1 2% 8% 12% X2 5% 10%P 0.2 0.5 0.3 P 0.8 0.2求：(1)在A、B兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目上各投資100萬(wàn)元， Y1和Y2分別表示投資項(xiàng)目A和B所獲得的利潤(rùn)，求方差D(Y1)和D(Y2)；(2)根據(jù)得到的結(jié)論，對(duì)于投資者有什么建議？ 解：(1)題目可知，投資項(xiàng)目A和B所獲得的利潤(rùn)Y1和Y2的分布列為：Y1 2 8 12 Y2 5 10P 0.2 0.5 0.3 P 0.8 0.2所以 ;; 解：(2) 由(1)可知 ，說(shuō)明投資A項(xiàng)目比投資B項(xiàng)目期望收益要高；同時(shí) ，說(shuō)明投資A項(xiàng)目比投資B項(xiàng)目的實(shí)際收益相對(duì)于期望收益的平均波動(dòng)要更大.因此，對(duì)于追求穩(wěn)定的投資者，投資B項(xiàng)目更合適;而對(duì)于更看重利潤(rùn)并且愿意為了高利潤(rùn)承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的投資者，投資A項(xiàng)目更合適.
人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)必修二總體取值規(guī)律的估計(jì)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
可以通過(guò)下面的步驟計(jì)算一組n個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)的第p百分位數(shù)：第一步：按從小到大排列原始數(shù)據(jù)；第二步：計(jì)算i=n×p%；第三步：若i不是整數(shù)，而大于i的比鄰整數(shù)位j，則第p百分位數(shù)為第j項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)；若i是整數(shù)，則第p百分位數(shù)為第i項(xiàng)與第i+1項(xiàng)的平均數(shù)。我們?cè)诔踔袑W(xué)過(guò)的中位數(shù)，相當(dāng)于是第50百分位數(shù)。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，除了中位數(shù)外，常用的分位數(shù)還有第25百分位數(shù)，第75百分位數(shù)。這三個(gè)分位數(shù)把一組由小到大排列后的數(shù)據(jù)分成四等份，因此稱為四分位數(shù)。其中第25百分位數(shù)也稱為第一四分位數(shù)或下四分位數(shù)等，第75百分位數(shù)也稱為第三四分位數(shù)或上四分位數(shù)等。另外，像第1百分位數(shù)，第5百分位數(shù)，第95百分位數(shù)，和第99百分位數(shù)在統(tǒng)計(jì)中也經(jīng)常被使用。例2、根據(jù)下列樣本數(shù)據(jù)，估計(jì)樹(shù)人中學(xué)高一年級(jí)女生第25，50，75百分位數(shù)。
人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)必修二總體集中趨勢(shì)的估計(jì)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
（2）平均數(shù)受數(shù)據(jù)中的極端值（2個(gè)95）影響較大，使平均數(shù)在估計(jì)總體時(shí)可靠性降低，10天的用水量有8天都在平均值以下。故用中位數(shù)來(lái)估計(jì)每天的用水量更合適。1、樣本的數(shù)字特征：眾數(shù)、中位數(shù)和平均數(shù)；2、用樣本頻率分布直方圖估計(jì)樣本的眾數(shù)、中位數(shù)、平均數(shù)。（1）眾數(shù)規(guī)定為頻率分布直方圖中最高矩形下端的中點(diǎn)；（2）中位數(shù)兩邊的直方圖的面積相等；（3）頻率分布直方圖中每個(gè)小矩形的面積與小矩形底邊中點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)之積相加，就是樣本數(shù)據(jù)的估值平均數(shù)。學(xué)生回顧本節(jié)課知識(shí)點(diǎn)，教師補(bǔ)充。 讓學(xué)生掌握本節(jié)課知識(shí)點(diǎn)，并能夠靈活運(yùn)用。