Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無論什么時候, 只要您想回來就回來。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務是我的榮幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
一、 教學目標根據(jù)教學大綱的要求以及本節(jié)課的地位與作用,結合高一學生的認知特點確定教學目標如下:學習目標:1、復習鞏固對數(shù)函數(shù)的圖像及性質2、運用對數(shù)函數(shù)的性質比較兩個數(shù)的大小能力目標:1、 培養(yǎng)學生運用圖形解決問題的意識即數(shù)形結合能力2、學生運用已學知識,已有經(jīng)驗解決新問題的能力3、 探索出方法,有條理闡述自己觀點的能力
(3)外資經(jīng)濟 教師活動:外資經(jīng)濟是指外國投資者和港澳臺投資者根據(jù)我國法律法規(guī),在我國大陸設立的獨資企業(yè)以及中外合資企業(yè)、中外合作企業(yè)中的外商投資部分。他有利于引進外資和先進技術,學習境外先進管理經(jīng)驗,有利于擴大就業(yè)、擴大出口,增加財政收入。 提醒學生注意中外合資企業(yè)、中外合作企業(yè)中的外商投資部分,不是指中外合資企業(yè)、中外合作企業(yè)全部資產(chǎn)。并簡略介紹中外合資企業(yè)與中外合作企業(yè)的區(qū)別。(4)非公有制經(jīng)濟的地位 是社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的重要組成部分。教師點撥:請同學們注意比較,非公有制經(jīng)濟的地位與前面集體經(jīng)濟的地位有什么不同?學生活動:積極思考,回答問題教師點撥:集體經(jīng)濟的地位,是社會主義公有制經(jīng)濟的重要組成部分。社會主義公有制經(jīng)濟與社會主義市場經(jīng)濟這兩個說法是不同的。(簡單了解即可)4、為什么堅持以公有制為主體,多種所有制經(jīng)濟共同發(fā)展
5、課堂小結利用多媒體和板書展現(xiàn)本節(jié)課的綱要,并指出重點和難點。設計意圖:不僅使學生將所學的知識相互連接形成知識網(wǎng)絡,而且進一步強化對重點知識的認識,有利于學生對知識的理解和掌握,并有利于學生在課后對所學知識進行有針對性的復習。6、課堂練習利用多媒體展示由易到難的練習。設計意圖:鞏固所學知識并把它轉化為讀題解題的能力,在練習中能滿足不同層次學生的需要,使各類學生都能獲得成功感,培養(yǎng)學習本學科的興趣。7、課后探究聯(lián)系國家鼓勵青年人自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的時政熱點,讓學生課后查閱青年學生創(chuàng)業(yè)基金的實施項目,鼓勵學生將來進行自主創(chuàng)業(yè)。設計意圖:鞏固所學知識,并能運用到現(xiàn)實生活中去。樹立學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)意識。五、小結本課教學主要突出以下幾個特點:1、重學生:以學生發(fā)展為本,確定學生在教學中的主體地位貫徹“以人為本”的原則,充分發(fā)揮學生在學習中的主動性、積極性和創(chuàng)造性。
方法總結:當某一事件A發(fā)生的可能性大小與相關圖形的面積大小有關時,概率的計算方法是事件A所有可能結果所組成的圖形的面積與所有可能結果組成的總圖形面積之比,即P(A)=事件A所占圖形面積總圖形面積.概率的求法關鍵是要找準兩點:(1)全部情況的總數(shù);(2)符合條件的情況數(shù)目.二者的比值就是其發(fā)生的概率.探究點二:與面積有關的概率的應用如圖,把一個圓形轉盤按1∶2∶3∶4的比例分成A、B、C、D四個扇形區(qū)域,自由轉動轉盤,停止后指針落在B區(qū)域的概率為________.解析:∵一個圓形轉盤按1∶2∶3∶4的比例分成A、B、C、D四個扇形區(qū)域,∴圓形轉盤被等分成10份,其中B區(qū)域占2份,∴P(落在B區(qū)域)=210=15.故答案為15.三、板書設計1.與面積有關的等可能事件的概率P(A)= 2.與面積有關的概率的應用本課時所學習的內(nèi)容多與實際相結合,因此教學過程中要引導學生展開豐富的聯(lián)想,在日常生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,并進行合理的整合歸納,選擇適宜的數(shù)學方法來解決問題
1.進一步理解概率的意義并掌握計算事件發(fā)生概率的方法;(重點)2.了解事件發(fā)生的等可能性及游戲規(guī)則的公平性.(難點)一、情境導入一個箱子中放有紅、黃、黑三個小球,三個人先后去摸球,一人摸一次,一次摸出一個小球,摸出后放回,摸出黑色小球為贏,那么這個游戲是否公平?二、合作探究探究點一:與摸球有關的等可能事件的概率【類型一】 摸球問題一個不透明的盒子中放有4個白色乒乓球和2個黃色乒乓球,所有乒乓球除顏色外完全相同,從中隨機摸出1個乒乓球,摸出黃色乒乓球的概率為()A.23 B.12 C.13 D.16解析:根據(jù)題意可得不透明的袋子里裝有6個乒乓球,其中2個黃色的,任意摸出1個,則P(摸到黃色乒乓球)=26=13.故選C.方法總結:概率的求法關鍵是找準兩點:①全部情況的總數(shù);②符合條件的情況數(shù)目.二者的比值就是其發(fā)生的概率.【類型二】 與代數(shù)知識相關的問題已知m為-9,-6,-5,-3,-2,2,3,5,6,9中隨機取的一個數(shù),則m4>100的概率為()A.15 B.310 C.12 D.35
由上表可知,共有6種結果,且每種結果是等可能的,其中兩次摸出白球的結果有2種,所以P(兩次摸出的球都是白球)=26=13;(2)列表如下:第一次第二次 白1 白2 紅白1 (白1,白1) (白2,白1) (紅,白1)白2 (白1,白2) (白2,白2) (紅,白2)紅 (白1,紅) (白2,紅) (紅,紅)由上表可知,共有9種結果,且每種結果是等可能的,其中兩次摸出白球的結果有4種,所以P(兩次摸出的球都是白球)=49.方法總結:在試驗中,常出現(xiàn)“放回”和“不放回”兩種情況,即是否重復進行的事件,在求概率時要正確區(qū)分,如利用列表法求概率時,不重復在列表中有空格,重復在列表中則不會出現(xiàn)空格.三、板書設計用樹狀圖或表格求概率畫樹狀圖法列表法通過與學生現(xiàn)實生活相聯(lián)系的游戲為載體,培養(yǎng)學生建立概率模型的思想意識.在活動中進一步發(fā)展學生的合作交流意識,提高學生對所研究問題的反思和拓展的能力,逐步形成良好的反思意識.鼓勵學生思維的多樣性,發(fā)展學生的創(chuàng)新意識.
由上表可知,共有6種結果,且每種結果是等可能的,其中兩次摸出白球的結果有2種,所以P(兩次摸出的球都是白球)=26=13;(2)列表如下:由上表可知,共有9種結果,且每種結果是等可能的,其中兩次摸出白球的結果有4種,所以P(兩次摸出的球都是白球)=49.方法總結:在試驗中,常出現(xiàn)“放回”和“不放回”兩種情況,即是否重復進行的事件,在求概率時要正確區(qū)分,如利用列表法求概率時,不重復在列表中有空格,重復在列表中則不會出現(xiàn)空格.三、板書設計用樹狀圖或表格求概率畫樹狀圖法列表法通過與學生現(xiàn)實生活相聯(lián)系的游戲為載體,培養(yǎng)學生建立概率模型的思想意識.在活動中進一步發(fā)展學生的合作交流意識,提高學生對所研究問題的反思和拓展的能力,逐步形成良好的反思意識.鼓勵學生思維的多樣性,發(fā)展學生的創(chuàng)新意識.
(六)說教學策略1.專題性海量的媒介信息必須加以選擇或者整合,以項目為依據(jù),進行信息篩選,形成專題性閱讀與交流;培養(yǎng)學生對文本信息“化零為整”的能力,提升跨媒介閱讀與交流學習的充實感。2.情境化情境教學應指向學生的應用,建構富有符合時代氣息的內(nèi)容,與生活經(jīng)驗更加貼合,對學生的語言建構與運用有所提升,在情境中能夠有效地進行交流。3.任務化以任務為導向的序列化學習,可以為學生構建學習路線圖、學習框架等具體任務引導;或以跨媒介的認識與應用為任務的設置引導;甚至以閱讀和交流作為序列化安排的實踐引導。4.整合性跨媒介閱讀與交流是結合線上線下的資源,形成新的“超媒介”,也能實現(xiàn)對信息進行“深加工”,多種媒介的信息整合只為一個核心教學內(nèi)容服務。5.互文性語言文字是語文之生命,我們是立足于語言文字的探討,音樂、圖像、視頻等文本與傳統(tǒng)語言文字文本形成互文,觸發(fā)學生對學習內(nèi)容立體化和具體化的感悟,提升學生的審美能力。
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語)Summary:1. 不定式的結構:to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我們知道在描述太空探索時,動詞不定式不僅可以用來表目的,還可以用來作定語,表修飾。
另一方面,其余的人反對這個計劃,因為它可能會導致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進未來。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長期問題提供更新和更好的解決方法,我認為我們應該花更多的時間和金錢來探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來,年輕人過度依賴手機是不對的,因為它們可能會對他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學就“人類是否應該進行宇宙探索”這個問題進行了激烈的討論。有人認為,探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來指導農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),以及把一些探索太空的高新技術用于現(xiàn)實生活;也有一些人認為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影響了人們的生活水平。請你根據(jù)以下情況寫一篇報告并發(fā)表自己的觀點。注意:1.寫作內(nèi)容應包括以上全部要點,可適當發(fā)揮,使上下文連貫;
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說Who,其意思是問,對方想讓誰在開場時致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔任, 這就是獨立主格結構。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.