3.Teachers ask different groups to report the answers to the questions and ask them to try different sentence patterns.The teacher added some sentence patterns for students to refer to when writing.Step 4 Writing taskActivity 51.Write the first draft.Students first review the evaluation criteria in activity 5, and then independently complete the draft according to the outline of activity 4, the answers to the questions listed in the group discussion and report, and the reference sentence pattern.2.Change partners.The teacher guides the students to evaluate their partner's composition according to the checklist of activity 5 and proposes Suggestions for modification.3.Finalize the draft.Based on the peer evaluation, students revise their own compositions and determine the final draft.Finally, through group recommendation, the teacher selects excellent compositions for projection display or reading aloud in class, and gives comments and Suggestions.Step 5 Showing writingActivity 5T call some Ss to share their writing.Step 6 Homework1. Read the passage in this section to better understand the passage.2. Carefully understand the hierarchical structure of the article, and deeply understand the plot of the story according to the causes, process and results;3. Independently complete the relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否通過人物言行的對比分析道德故事的深層內(nèi)涵;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否根據(jù)故事的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果來深入理解故事的情節(jié),從而了解文章的層次結(jié)構(gòu);4、結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)生活案例發(fā)表自己的見解和看法,寫一篇觀點(diǎn)明確、層次分明的故事評論。
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定義;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否通過說話人所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容、說話的語氣、語調(diào)等來判斷其態(tài)度和情緒;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否針對具體的道德困境發(fā)表自己的看法和見解,能否掌握聽力理訓(xùn)練中的聽力策略。
Good expressions that students can choose to use: help the travelers choose which tour to take1. In my opinion, you could/might choose…, because you prefer to…2. …could be a perfect choice for you, for…3. As far as I am concerned, you would enjoy…, for…4. …would probably suit you, because you enjoy/love/hate doing…Step 5 Passage ConsolidationLanguage appreciation:1. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 在接下來的三天里,您可以在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的陪同下,深入雨林進(jìn)行探索,欣賞雨林特有的動(dòng)植物。本句主體結(jié)構(gòu)為spend some time doing sth. 2. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人將石頭切割成精確的尺寸,僅僅憑著石頭間的完美契合,即可穩(wěn)固墻體。本句為so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。nothing與the perfect fit為并列成分; other than在句中意為“除了”。Step 6 HomeworkSuppose you will travel to Peru, write a short essay about your three-day tour plan.
1. This section focuses on "Understanding how a problem was solved”, which is aimed to guide students to analyze and discuss the challenges and problems faced by cultural heritage protection during the construction of Aswan Dam, as well as the solutions. On the basis of understanding, students should pay attention to the key role of international cooperation in solving problems, and attach importance to the balance and coordination between cultural heritage protection and social and economic development. Students are encouraged to face challenges actively, be good at cooperation, and make continuous efforts to find reasonable ways and means to solve problems.2. Enable students to understand the main information and text structure of the reading text;3. Motivate students to use the reading strategy "make a timeline" according to the appropriate text genre;4. Enable students to understand how a problem was solved;5. Enable students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the topic language about protecting cultural relics and understand the narrative characteristics of "time-event" in illustrative style3. Lead students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點(diǎn),總結(jié)共同點(diǎn)。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過去分詞作定語時(shí)的意義1.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語,在語態(tài)上表示被動(dòng);在時(shí)間上,常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實(shí)驗(yàn),最后給了我們一個(gè)滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會(huì)上提出的計(jì)劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語,它不表示被動(dòng)意義,只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
3、文化是人們的一種素養(yǎng)(1)人的文化素養(yǎng)是在社會(huì)生活、實(shí)踐中形成的。每個(gè)人所具有的文化素養(yǎng),不是天生的,而是通過對社會(huì)生活的體驗(yàn),特別是通過參與文化生活、接受知識(shí)文化教育而逐步培養(yǎng)出來的。文化素養(yǎng)的形成,離不開生活、實(shí)踐和教育。人們在社會(huì)實(shí)踐中創(chuàng)造和發(fā)展文化,也在社會(huì)生活中獲得和享用文化。(2)人的文化素養(yǎng)表現(xiàn)在日常言行中。教師活動(dòng):引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀教材7頁“公交車漫畫”材料,并思考所反映的問題學(xué)生活動(dòng):積極思考并討論問題教師點(diǎn)評:人們的精神活動(dòng)離不開物質(zhì)活動(dòng),人們的文化素養(yǎng)總是要通過他在日常生活中的言行、在社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中的表現(xiàn)等表現(xiàn)出來。我們通過觀察人們的社會(huì)行為,就可以從中透視人們的精神世界和精神生活。4、文化的傳承和發(fā)展離不開物質(zhì)載體。社會(huì)文化和精神產(chǎn)品離不開物質(zhì)載體,一個(gè)時(shí)代的文化和精神產(chǎn)品,往往是這一時(shí)代社會(huì)發(fā)展軌跡的反映。
一般情況下,凡是支持物對物體的支持力,都是支持物因發(fā)生形變而對物體產(chǎn)生彈力。所以支持力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被支持的物體。例1:放在水平桌面上的書書由于重力的作用而壓迫桌面,使書和桌面同時(shí)發(fā)生微小形變,要恢復(fù)原狀,對桌面產(chǎn)生垂直于桌面向下的彈力f1,這就是書對桌面的壓力;桌面由于發(fā)生微小的形變,對書產(chǎn)生垂直于書面向上的彈力f2,這就是桌面對書的支持力。學(xué)生分析:靜止地放在傾斜木板上的書,書對木板的壓力和木板對書的支持力。并畫出力的示意圖。結(jié)論:壓力、支持力都是彈力。壓力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被壓的物體,支持力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被支持的物體。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析靜止時(shí),懸繩對重物的拉力及方向。引導(dǎo)得出:懸掛物由于重力的作用而拉緊懸繩,使重物、懸繩同時(shí)發(fā)生微小的形變。重物由于發(fā)生微小的形變,對懸繩產(chǎn)生豎直向下的彈力f1,這是物對繩的拉力;懸繩由于發(fā)生微小形變,對物產(chǎn)生豎直向上的彈力f2,這就是繩對物體的拉力。
一、教材內(nèi)容經(jīng)全國中小學(xué)教材審定委員會(huì)2004年初審查通過,人教育出版社出版的普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書《物理必修①》,第三章第5節(jié)內(nèi)容“力的分解”。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)與技能(1)理解分力的概念,理解力的分解是力的合成的逆運(yùn)算,遵循平行四邊形定則。(2)初步掌握一般情況下力的分解要根據(jù)實(shí)際需要來確定分力的方向。(3)會(huì)用作圖法和直角三角形的知識(shí)求分力。(4)能區(qū)別矢量和標(biāo)量,知道三角形定則,了解三角形定則與平行四邊形定則的實(shí)質(zhì)是一樣的。2.過程與方法(1)進(jìn)一步領(lǐng)會(huì)“等效替代”的思想方法。(2)通過探究嘗試發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、探索問題、解決問題能力。(3)掌握應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)解決物理問題的能力。3.情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀(1)通過猜測與探究享受成功的快樂。(2)感受物理就在身邊,有將物理知識(shí)應(yīng)用于生活和生產(chǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)的意識(shí)。三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)在具體問題中如何根據(jù)力的實(shí)際作用效果和平行四邊形定則進(jìn)行力的分解。
l.知識(shí)與技能:(1)知道摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件。(2)能在簡單問題中,根據(jù)物體的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài),判斷靜摩擦力的有無、大小和方向;知道存在著最大靜摩擦力。(3)掌握動(dòng)磨擦因數(shù),會(huì)在具體問題中計(jì)算滑動(dòng)磨擦力,掌握判定摩擦力方向的方法。(4)知道影響到摩擦因數(shù)的因素。2.過程與方法:通過觀察演示實(shí)驗(yàn),概括出摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件及摩擦力的特點(diǎn),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察、概括能力。通過靜摩擦力與滑動(dòng)摩擦力的區(qū)別對比,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生分析綜合能力。3.情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀:在分析物體所受摩擦力時(shí),突出主要矛盾,忽略次要因素及無關(guān)因素,總結(jié)出摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件和規(guī)律。二、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)分析1.本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容分滑動(dòng)摩擦力和靜摩擦力兩部分。重點(diǎn)是摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件、特性和規(guī)律,通過演示實(shí)驗(yàn)得出關(guān)系f=μN(yùn)。2.難點(diǎn)是學(xué)生有初中的知識(shí),往往誤認(rèn)為壓力N的大小總是跟滑動(dòng)物體所受的重力相等,因此必須指出只有當(dāng)兩物體的接觸面垂直,物體在水平拉力作用下,沿水平面滑動(dòng)時(shí),壓力N的大小才跟物體所受的重力相等。
情景導(dǎo)入:......運(yùn)用情景營造氣氛,激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲望,幫助學(xué)生聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí)問題,學(xué)習(xí)歷史,拉近歷史與現(xiàn)實(shí)的距離,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注時(shí)政熱點(diǎn),關(guān)心國家大事。自主學(xué)習(xí):組織學(xué)生閱讀課文,老師參與學(xué)生閱讀活動(dòng)并板書知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。通過學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自學(xué)能力,為進(jìn)一步好好學(xué)習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ)。交流學(xué)習(xí):學(xué)生自學(xué)以后,老師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生相互交流自學(xué)成果,學(xué)生自主提出問題,相互解答,從而達(dá)到生生互動(dòng)、師生互動(dòng),在互動(dòng)中學(xué)習(xí),共同提高
1、教材分析 本課選自普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教材,人民教育出版社歷史必修(1),第六單元:現(xiàn)代中國的政治建設(shè)與祖國統(tǒng)一,第22課——祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。祖國統(tǒng)一始終是中國人民的共同夙愿。本課內(nèi)容主要敘述了“一國兩制”的偉大構(gòu)想,為完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)提出了一個(gè)創(chuàng)造性的指導(dǎo)方針。香港、澳門的回歸,是“一國兩制” 偉大構(gòu)想的成功實(shí)踐。在“一國兩制”方針指導(dǎo)下,海峽兩岸實(shí)現(xiàn)了一次歷史性的突破。揭示了“一國兩制” 的構(gòu)想,對推動(dòng)完成祖國完全統(tǒng)一大業(yè),實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興具有現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。 2、學(xué)情分析通過調(diào)查知道,學(xué)生對本節(jié)的基本史實(shí)有一定了解。但是,高一新生習(xí)慣于知識(shí)的記憶和教師的講解,不能深入分析歷史現(xiàn)象的內(nèi)涵和外延;不能進(jìn)一步探究事物的因果關(guān)系和理解事物的本質(zhì);并且需要進(jìn)一步拓展思維的廣度和深度,實(shí)現(xiàn)從一維目標(biāo)到三維目標(biāo)的飛躍。
一、教材分析下面我來談一談對教材的認(rèn)識(shí):主要從教材的地位和作用、以及在此基礎(chǔ)上確立的教學(xué)目標(biāo)、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)這三個(gè)方面來談。首先,來談教材的地位和作用:本課教材內(nèi)容主要從三個(gè)方面向?qū)W生介紹了現(xiàn)代中國教育的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和趨勢:人民教育的奠基、動(dòng)亂中的教育和教育的復(fù)興,全面講述了新中國教育的三個(gè)階段。本課是文化史中中國史部分的最后一課, 也是必修三冊書中唯一涉及教育的一課。而教育是思想文化史中的重要組成部分,江澤民同志在談到教育的時(shí)候曾經(jīng)說過,“百年大計(jì),教育為本。教育為本,在于育人”。教育是關(guān)系國計(jì)民生的大事。學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)新中國教育發(fā)展的史實(shí),理解“科教興國”、“國運(yùn)興衰,系于教育”的深刻含義。最終由此激發(fā)學(xué)生樹立“知識(shí)改變命運(yùn)、讀書成就人生”的信念,樹立勤奮學(xué)習(xí)、成人成才、報(bào)效祖國、服務(wù)社會(huì)的崇高理想。故本課的教學(xué)有極大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。談完了教材的地位和作用,我再分析一下教學(xué)目標(biāo):
一、說教材的地位和作用《細(xì)胞中的元素和化合物》是人教版教材生物必修一第二章第1節(jié)內(nèi)容?!都?xì)胞中的元素和化合物》這一節(jié),首先在節(jié)的引言中,明確指出自然界的生物體中的元素是生物有選擇地從無機(jī)自然界中獲得的,沒有一種元素是細(xì)胞特有的。但細(xì)胞與非生物相比,各元素的含量又大不相同。說明生物界與非生物界具有統(tǒng)一性和差異性。這部分內(nèi)容較為淺顯,但是結(jié)論非常重要,對于學(xué)生了解生物的物質(zhì)性具有重要意義二、說教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)本教材的結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容分析,結(jié)合著高一年級學(xué)生的認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu)及心理特征,我制定了以下的教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、知識(shí)目標(biāo):知道組成細(xì)胞的主要元素;知道為什么碳元素是構(gòu)成細(xì)胞的基本元素2、能力目標(biāo):學(xué)會(huì)檢測生物組織中的糖類、脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)的方法。(1)通過對C元素的分析,說明有機(jī)化合物形成的可能性及必然性,初步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生跨學(xué)科綜合分析問題的能力。(2)通過對組成細(xì)胞中的元素的百分比的分析,通過對不同化合物的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的學(xué)習(xí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生理解、思考和分析問題的能力。
一、教學(xué)理論依據(jù)及設(shè)計(jì)理念以新課程理念和新課標(biāo)為指針,依據(jù)建構(gòu)主義理論、學(xué)科探究理論和多元智力理論,采用探究式的教學(xué)模式來組織實(shí)施本節(jié)課的教學(xué)。學(xué)生成為課堂的主體和知識(shí)的主動(dòng)構(gòu)建者。通過創(chuàng)設(shè)多種情境,讓學(xué)生積極參與、體驗(yàn)、感悟,主動(dòng)獲得新知,并逐步提高學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、分析問題和解決問題的能力。教師從課堂的主宰變?yōu)檎n堂的主導(dǎo),是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的組織者、引導(dǎo)者和合作者。教學(xué)過程是一個(gè)發(fā)散式的學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)的過程。采用自主、合作、探究式的教學(xué)方式,讓學(xué)生有多元選擇,激發(fā)他們的潛能,發(fā)展他們的個(gè)性。二、教材分析1.教材的地位與作用:本框題是《生活與哲學(xué)》第二單元《探索世界與追求真理》第六課“求索真理的歷程”的第二節(jié)內(nèi)容。本單元的核心問題是如何看待我們周圍的世界,該問題也是《生活與哲學(xué)》整本書的核心問題之一。
(一)教材的地位與作用本節(jié)描述地球所處的宇宙環(huán)境包括兩部分內(nèi)容,一是能在天體系統(tǒng)中確定地球所在位置,二是結(jié)合太陽燃燒的穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)和大行星運(yùn)軌道特征,說明地球存在生命的宇宙環(huán)境特征。這里需要補(bǔ)充太陽大小長期穩(wěn)定的燃燒保證地球表面長期保持適宜的溫度,有利生命進(jìn)化;大小行星公轉(zhuǎn)各行其道,保證地球宇宙環(huán)境的安全。這兩點(diǎn)宜在討論地球是特殊的行星時(shí)補(bǔ)充。說明地球是太陽系中一顆既普通又特殊的行星要通過 3引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從圖文資料中找出地球與其他行星在運(yùn)動(dòng)特征和結(jié)構(gòu)特征上的共性以及軌道位置和自身?xiàng)l件上的特性。運(yùn)動(dòng)特征共性包括同向性、共面性和近圓性;結(jié)構(gòu)特征主要是通過與類地行星比較得出地球在質(zhì)量和體積方面不具特殊性。地球上存在生命主要是因?yàn)槿盏鼐嚯x適中,所以有適合的溫度;因?yàn)榈厍蛸|(zhì)量和體積適中,所以能吸引住大氣形成厚度、壓力適合的大氣層;因?yàn)榈厍虼嬖趲r漿活動(dòng),所以有地球內(nèi)部氫氧分異化合的水汽溢出形成海洋。
四.設(shè)計(jì)反思我在設(shè)計(jì)本課時(shí),希望通過情境的創(chuàng)設(shè)充分再現(xiàn)歷史,并利用多媒體輔助教學(xué),破重點(diǎn)、化難點(diǎn),讓學(xué)生主動(dòng)參與到學(xué)習(xí)過程中,從而突破狹小的教室空間,讓學(xué)生真正做到感知?dú)v史,立足現(xiàn)實(shí),展望未來。自主,交流、合作、探究是課程改革中著力倡導(dǎo)的新型學(xué)習(xí)方式。課堂教學(xué)中如何開展小組合作的探究學(xué)習(xí)存在著很多困難,首先是課堂教學(xué)時(shí)間有限,如何體現(xiàn)面向全體,給每個(gè)學(xué)生以機(jī)會(huì)?再次,歷史問題的討論只能依托于史料才能使討論不淪為空談,課堂上通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供大量的史料(文字、圖片或其他),勢必不能有充分時(shí)間讓學(xué)生閱讀分析。如何解決這些問題呢?措施一:要形成較固定的歷史學(xué)習(xí)合作小組。選定一位同學(xué)擔(dān)任組長,負(fù)責(zé)協(xié)調(diào)措施二:要設(shè)置有利于學(xué)生探究的問題情境措施三:要把課堂教學(xué)與課外學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來。在課前就印發(fā)相關(guān)的材料,或引導(dǎo)學(xué)生去查閱相關(guān)的資料,讓學(xué)生有個(gè)充分的閱讀、思考、交流的時(shí)間,是保證課堂上小組交流能成功實(shí)現(xiàn)的一個(gè)前提
一、說教材(一)、教材內(nèi)容《古代中國的發(fā)明和發(fā)現(xiàn)》是人教版高中歷史必修三第三單元第一課內(nèi)容,本課教材主要從五個(gè)方面的典型事例向?qū)W生介紹了古代中國幾千年的科技成就。本課一方面展示了古代中國人民的勤勞智慧以及對世界文明發(fā)展作出的巨大貢獻(xiàn),另一方面也提出了一個(gè)重大問題引起學(xué)生的思考,即造成中國科技在近代落后的原因是什么。此外、本課在教材中具有承上啟下的地位和作用,前承中國傳統(tǒng)文化主流思想,后啟現(xiàn)代中國科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。根據(jù)課標(biāo)要求和教材內(nèi)容,我將本課的三維目標(biāo)確定如下:(三)教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)知識(shí)與能力:掌握中國古代科技進(jìn)步的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),特別是四大發(fā)明。認(rèn)識(shí)古代中國四大發(fā)明對世界文明發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn),以及取得重大成就的原因。⑵過程與方法:通過指導(dǎo)學(xué)生課前閱讀課本,在課堂上進(jìn)行問題探究、實(shí)驗(yàn)體驗(yàn)以及歷史比較,學(xué)會(huì)總結(jié)歸納。
首先引導(dǎo)回顧細(xì)胞質(zhì)內(nèi)各個(gè)細(xì)胞器的分工協(xié)作、產(chǎn)生分泌蛋白的過程;同時(shí)思考:為什么這些細(xì)胞器可以這樣有條不紊的密切協(xié)作?這中間有沒有專門起協(xié)調(diào)和控制作用的部門?從而導(dǎo)入本節(jié)內(nèi)容。通過學(xué)生小組討論及師生共同分析“資料分析”中的4個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),總結(jié)出細(xì)胞核的功能,即細(xì)胞核是遺傳信息庫,控制細(xì)胞代謝和遺傳的功能。在此基礎(chǔ)上,向?qū)W生舉出克隆羊多莉的實(shí)例,加強(qiáng)理解。設(shè)問:那么細(xì)胞核為什么能成為細(xì)胞代謝和遺傳的控制中心?要弄清這個(gè)問題,我們必須從細(xì)胞核的結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找答案,從而引出細(xì)胞的結(jié)構(gòu)。在這部分,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考以下幾個(gè)問題:(1)細(xì)胞核能控制細(xì)胞的遺傳,說明其應(yīng)該有什么物質(zhì)?(2)含有DNA的結(jié)構(gòu)如線粒體、葉綠體,它們的外面都有什么相同的結(jié)構(gòu)?(3)細(xì)胞核能控制細(xì)胞,肯定能與外界聯(lián)系,如何能辦到?(4)學(xué)習(xí)RNA的分布時(shí),RNA主要分布在細(xì)胞質(zhì),少量還分布在哪里呢?