4、中國積極發(fā)展與區(qū)域性國際組織的關系。中國積極發(fā)展與區(qū)域性國際組織的關系。中國與歐盟建立了領導人年度會晤機制,致力于發(fā)展全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系。中國重視與非洲國家的傳統友誼,與非洲聯盟團結合作。中國與阿拉伯國家聯盟、石油輸出國組織等發(fā)展中國家組建的國際組織發(fā)展友好關系,支持它們維護自身的正當權益,并與它們共同為建立公正合理的國際政治經濟新秩序而努力。新中國與國際組織關系的歷史演變大致經歷了三個時期。從中華人民共和國建立初期到1971年:新中國被排斥在聯合國等國際組織之外,為恢復在聯合國的合法席位進行了不懈的斗爭。從1 9 7 1年到改革開放前:中國恢復了在聯合國的合法席位,并與大批國際組織建立、恢復了友好合作關系。改革開放以來:中國恢復了在世界銀行和國際貨幣基金組織的席位,加入了世界貿易組織、亞太經合組織等經濟組織。世界銀行出資興建的希望小學小結:4個主要特征:國際組織的四個主要特征即:①跨國性、②目的性、③組織性、④自主性。
(3)、各種利益集團內部很少有什么民主機制,大都為少數人所控制——從利益集團內部的管理機制看;廣大群眾常常對某些組織寄予期望,投人力量,但是他們的利益卻往往得不到關注。(4)、利益集團為政府腐敗提供了肥沃的土壤。利益集團的活動方式,在很大程度上是用金錢購買政治影響力,是一種滋養(yǎng)腐敗的行為——從利益集團對政府的負面影響看。實際上,在國會議員、政府官員與利益集團之間,已經形成一種相互依賴的共生關系。3、利益集團機制的隱蔽性、欺騙性及其實質:美國政壇中的利益集團機制,是資產階級控制國家機器的一種特殊形式,具有相當強的隱蔽性和欺騙性。表面上看,利益集團是所謂的“民意代表”,向政府反映各階層、群體的觀點和利益,實質上是資產階級在“民意”的幌子下控制權力。
國會一直在政治生活中居于主導地位;到了當代,則是總統居于主導地位。由于司法機關無權直接支配社會力量和財富,相比之下,聯邦法院力量向來較弱。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后,由于美國一直追逐全球霸權,美國總統的戰(zhàn)爭權力更加強化,向海外派遣軍隊的次數更加頻繁。美國人民日益覺察到這種不斷增長的“帝王般總統職位”可能帶來的危險。2、三權分立制的本質——是一種資產階級民主制度美國的三權分立制本質上是一種資產階級民主制度。二百多年的歷史經驗表明,它有效地維護了美國資產階級的統治。但是,廣大勞動人民不可能在這種制度下享有真正的民主。雖然三大權力機關之間互相制約、平衡,卻沒有一個代表人民意志的權力機關,因而不可能實現人民群眾的多數人統治?!蟊究蝾}小結:◇3個3種權力:3種權力即立法權、行政權和司法權;3個弊端:即三權分立原則的3 個弊端;3個中央政權機構即立法機關、行政機關和司法機關;◇2個原因:即確立三權分立原則的原因◇1個本質:即三權分立原則的本質
一、教材分析我們使用的是人教版第四冊《生活與哲學》教材,本框屬于第四單元第十二課第一框題。其內容主要分兩目,第一目主要介紹價值的含義、人是社會一切財富的創(chuàng)造者、人的價值在于創(chuàng)造價值和對社會的責任和貢獻,以及對一個人的評價主要看他的貢獻等內容。第二目主要介紹價值觀的導向作用,內容包括價值觀的含義、價值觀對人們認識世界和改造世界的活動具有導向作用以及對人生道路的選擇具有導向作用。二、教學目標知識目標:1、識記價值和價值觀的基本含義;價值觀的導向作用。2、理解人的價值是什么?如何評價人的價值。3、運用所學知識及相關哲學原理,分析物的價值和人的價值的 不同,從中加深對人的價值的理解評論分析為什么對一個人的評價要看他的貢獻,而不是索取了多少。
中國加人世貿組織承擔的義務主要包括:進一步降低關稅;取消非關稅貿易壁壘;取消被禁止的出口補貼;開放國內市場,特別是服務市場;擴大對知識產權的保護范圍;放寬和改善外資政策;增加貿易政策的透明度等。履行這些義務對中國提出了挑戰(zhàn)。中國加入世貿組織后,享受多邊、無條件、穩(wěn)定的最惠國待遇和國民待遇;參與世貿組織各機構的所有會議;參與貿易政策審議,對貿易伙伴的貿易政策進行質詢和監(jiān)督;利用世貿組織的爭端解決機制解決貿易糾紛;參與新一輪多邊貿易談判,制定多邊貿易規(guī)則;享受發(fā)展中國家特有的權益。②意義:中國正充分行使這些權利,積極主動地參與、加強和發(fā)展多邊貿易體制,推動建立公平、合理的國際經濟新秩序,維護國家利益。相關鏈接:2005年7月.中國倡議的WTO小型部長級會議在大連召開,世貿組織總干事和三十多個成員的代表出席會議。
一、教材分析《意識的本質》是人教版高中政治必修四第5章第1框的教學內容,主要學習意識是客觀存在的反映。二、 教學目標1.知識目標:識記意識的本質;理解意識是物質世界長期發(fā)展的產物、意識是人腦的機能、意識是客觀存在的反映。2.能力目標:通過對意識起源和本質的原理學習,使學生逐步確立辨證唯物注意的意識觀,具有正確認識意識現象、分辨物質和意識的界限、把握二者之間辨證關系的能力。3.情感、態(tài)度和價值觀目標:牢固樹立物質決定意識,意識對物質具有反作用的思想觀點,堅定辨證唯物主義的信仰。三、教學重點難點意識的本質四、學情分析本框題的內容比較簡單,主要是為學習第二框意識的作用作鋪墊和準備的,所以,教師在講這節(jié)課時不要在具體內容上花過多的時間。
1.知識目標:◇識記 :(1)自然界的物質性(2)物質的含義(3)人類社會的物質性◇理解:(1)世界的物質性(2)自然界是物質的,不是上帝和神創(chuàng)造的(3) 物質和具體的物質形態(tài)的區(qū)別和聯系(4)勞動創(chuàng)造了人和人類社會(5)人類社會是物質世界長期發(fā)展的產物◇分析:(1)聯系當前自然界中萬事萬物的發(fā)展變化,說明自然界的物質性 (2)聯系我國當前的社會改革以及社會發(fā)展的狀況,說明人類社會的物質性(3)用課本知識分析,世界是物質的世界,世界的真正統一性在于它的物質性2.能力目標:(1)通過學習,體會如何去理解一個哲學觀點,初步了解學習哲學的基本方法(2)通過學習、體會、分析與綜合的思維方法,提高分析問題的能力(3)通過收集和分析材料,培養(yǎng)收集材料和整理材料的能力3.情感、態(tài)度和價值觀目標:通過對本課的學習,能從世界本質問題上指出有神論的荒謬性,從根本上消除有神論的影響,初步樹立唯物主義的自然界、世界觀 三、教學重點難點重點:世界的物質統一性原理
【教材分析】The topic of this unit is about teenage life, which belongs to the theme context of “humans and oneself”.As teenagers who shoulder the responsibility of “Chinese great dream”, they must fully know themselves, including their strengths, weaknesses and challenges etc. They are supposed to improve themselves continuously and readily study their subjects, and thus foster their strategies and confidence in lifelong studies.This period is entitled the freshmen challenges, which mainly concerns some big challenges for new students in Senior high school. In this period, a teacher should lead students to find out what their challenges are and guide them to figure out how to crack the challenges and better themselves. More importantly, a teacher should instruct students to absorb new language points and appreciate the language. Besides, a teacher must instruct students to acquire some skills concerning reading efficiently and inspire them to talk more about their new school life, especially their new problems and solutions both at school and in life.【教學目標與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Enable students to acquire the basic usage of the new words and expressions concerning the freshmen challenges and learn to use them flexibly.2. Enable students to have a good understanding of the freshmen challenges in the new senior high school which is quite different from junior middle school.3. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual thinking capability. 4. Develop students’ different learning skills to solve different reading comprehensive problems.
Good expressions that students can choose to use: help the travelers choose which tour to take1. In my opinion, you could/might choose…, because you prefer to…2. …could be a perfect choice for you, for…3. As far as I am concerned, you would enjoy…, for…4. …would probably suit you, because you enjoy/love/hate doing…Step 5 Passage ConsolidationLanguage appreciation:1. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 在接下來的三天里,您可以在當地導游的陪同下,深入雨林進行探索,欣賞雨林特有的動植物。本句主體結構為spend some time doing sth. 2. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人將石頭切割成精確的尺寸,僅僅憑著石頭間的完美契合,即可穩(wěn)固墻體。本句為so that引導的結果狀語從句。nothing與the perfect fit為并列成分; other than在句中意為“除了”。Step 6 HomeworkSuppose you will travel to Peru, write a short essay about your three-day tour plan.
2. Sort out detailed information about Michael Jordan.(1) Understand the transitional sentence.Q: Which part is about Michael Jordan as a master? Which part is about the example he set?(2) Have the Ss Focus on why Michael Jordan is a master and what good examples Michael Jordan set when they’re reading. And think about these questions as below:Q1: How does the author describe his impressive skills?Q2: How do you understand “time seemed to stand still”?Q3: What does “graceful” mean?Q4. Which sentence do you think best describes his mental strength?Q5. Which words is important in the sentence in describing his mental strength? Why?Q6: How do you understand “unique”?Q7: What can we learn from Michael Jordan?Step 5 Discussing and recommendingRecommend their own living legends of sports.Work in groups to choose your own living legend of sports and give the reasons of your choice. Step 6 HomeworkReview the stories of Lang Ping and Michael Jordan, and try to retell them.
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: the restrictive relative clauses.This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality.【教學目標與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of the restrictive relative clauses.2. Enable students to use the restrictive relative clauses flexibly.3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.【教學重難點】How to enable students to have a good understanding of the restrictive relative clauses, especially the uses of the relative words such as which, that, who, whom.【教學過程】Step1: 語法知識呈現定語從句(一)—關系代詞的用法在復合句中, 修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句通常由關系代詞或關系副詞引導,說明事物的具體信息,從句位于被修飾詞之后。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞,關系詞指代先行詞,并在定語從句中充當成分。關系詞有兩種:關系代詞who, whom ,whose, that, which, as和關系副詞when, where, why。
5. Read to get detailed information about Paragraph 5.Q1. What shows the revival of Tangshan?Q2. How can Tangshan revive itself and get up on its feet again?Q3. In times of disasters, how can we go through it?T: In times of disasters, we should unify, show the wisdom and stay positive.Step 4 Activity 4 Highlighting the theme and reflecting1. Make a summary of the text.2. Further understand the titleQ: After our learning, why do you think the earth didn’t sleep on that night?T: An earthquake happened. The people in the earthquake suffered a lot, and the people outside Tangshan were concerned about the people there a lot.3. Reflect through discussion on what can be learnt after reading.T: Disasters are powerful. Unpreparedness can be deadly. Life is weak, but if people work together to help each other, disasters can be defeated.There is no love from disaster, but we have love in the human heart.Step 5 Assignment How does the writer convey that the earthquake was deadly, and that people were helpless during the earthquake? Try to find some attractive and impressive expressions and note them down.
Step 3: Read to sum upRead it again and sum up the problems of the three students, and then write down the advice that was given from others.Step 4: Work in pairs. List your learning problems in English and brainstorm some useful advice.Useful expressions ? I don't know how to…... Is a big difficulty for me. I cannot ...? You might try …. It's very important to…? I have no idea how/what .My biggest problem is .... ? I (also) have trouble with. My advice is …. This worked for me.? l cannot understand the teachers’ English in class.Step 5 Homework:為提高我校學生的英語口語水平,我們將舉辦英語演講比賽(English- speaking contest),請你根據下面的信息,以學生會(the Students‘ Union)的名義寫一份海報,歡迎全校同學參加,屆時特邀本校美籍教師史密斯先生頒獎。? 報名時間 9月30日以前(報名:signup)? 報名地點 學生會辦公室? 比賽時間 10月9日晚7:00~9:00? 比賽地點 學校大會議室? 獎勵 前8名
This theme of the part is “ Describe people or things in greater detail”. Students have learned the grammar(restrictive relative clauses) in Book 1, and further review and consolidate its structure “prep+relative pronouns(which/whom)” and the relative adverbs(when, where and why), besides students should understand its form, meaning and functions. In this section, students should be able to express the grammar correctly in daily communication and in the writing. 1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses . 2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn to write sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn tow rite sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and mark the relative pronouns and the adverbs. 1. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help.2. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.Step 2 PracticePlease complete these sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer the following questions.Questions: 1. What is the head noun ?2. What relative words should be used ?3. What elements do they act in these sentences ?
This lesson aims at making a poster about protecting wildlife after reading some posters. During reading students are guided to understand the content and try to summarize the posters with one sentence. Then students are guided to try to make a poster about protecting wildlife.1. Read the two posters and try to understand the summary sentences.2. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.3. Try to summarize the features of posters4. Try to make a poster about wildlife.1. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.2. Try to summarize the features of posters3. Try to make a poster about wildlife.Step 1 Lead inLook at the the posters on the textbook and ask:Which emotions do the posters communicate ?Step 2 Read the poster and answer the questions.1. What do you think of the animals in the poster on the left ?I think it is frightening and ugly.2. Why do we should protect the ugly animals ?All species--the good, the bad, and the ugly-- should be treated equally.The world needs all kinds--without variety, our planet cannot survive.3. Why are billions of trees being cut down every year ?To make paper for humans.4. What result will be lead to after the trees are cut down ?A lost of animal homes are being destroyed./The habitat of wildlife is being destroyed.Step 3 Find the feature of posters1. What does each poster use to stir up emotions ?On the left, it makes us a little frightened and it looks a little ugly, but it can activate our curiosity--What is it? And What is wrong with it?On the right, it makes us feel a little sad and want to protect them.
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑選出來參加運動會。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨跡還沒有從他外套上去掉。
Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.