當(dāng)孩子們由父母陪同時(shí),他們才被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)場。3.過去分詞(短語)作狀語時(shí)的幾種特殊情況(1)過去分詞(短語)在句中作時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步狀語時(shí),相當(dāng)于對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間、條件、原因及讓步狀語從句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.從山頂上看,整個(gè)城市看起來更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多給十分鐘,我們會(huì)完美地完成這項(xiàng)工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的話深深地感動(dòng),她滿眼淚花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.盡管被警告了風(fēng)暴的到來,但農(nóng)民們?nèi)栽谵r(nóng)場干活。(2)過去分詞(短語)在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語時(shí),可改為句子的并列謂語或改為并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟著兩個(gè)學(xué)生,老師走進(jìn)了房間。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母親陪著度過了一整個(gè)下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.報(bào)紙報(bào)道說有一百多人在暴風(fēng)雨中喪生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語是一般過去時(shí),以及by、before后面接過去的時(shí)間時(shí),主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作或過去的時(shí)間之前且表示被動(dòng)時(shí),要用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10歲前就已經(jīng)被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生產(chǎn)了好幾噸大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),要用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 這是我一年半以來第一次親眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虛擬語氣中,條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反,且主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),要用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一點(diǎn)得到他的指示,我早就完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快點(diǎn)的話,我就不會(huì)誤了火車。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚會(huì),你就會(huì)見到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你沒有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作業(yè)而受到懲罰。2.動(dòng)詞ing形式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動(dòng)詞ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上是給動(dòng)詞ing形式加了一個(gè)邏輯主語。動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式:①形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)詞ing②名詞所有格+動(dòng)詞ing③代詞賓格+動(dòng)詞ing④名詞+動(dòng)詞ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她來幫忙鼓舞了我們所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.這個(gè)嬰兒被突然的關(guān)門聲吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做飯的樣子嗎?無生命名詞無論是作主語還是作賓語都不能用第②種形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.湯姆去年得了一等獎(jiǎng)使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克現(xiàn)在離開嗎?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我沒能按時(shí)來。His father's being ill made him worried.他父親病了,他很擔(dān)心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我們盼望著這位歌手來給我們舉辦一場演唱會(huì)。
學(xué)校還設(shè)立舉報(bào)箱公布舉報(bào)熱線暑期安排值班人員及時(shí)收集有關(guān)教師師德師風(fēng)情況的反饋息。從多角度、多渠道強(qiáng)化師德師風(fēng)建設(shè)每位教師都受社會(huì)和人民的監(jiān)督。五、嚴(yán)格查處有償家教根據(jù)教育局規(guī)定嚴(yán)禁教師從事有償家教。除了會(huì)議上多次強(qiáng)調(diào)以外我校教師還簽訂“關(guān)于拒有償家教”的承諾書。同時(shí)師德師風(fēng)專項(xiàng)巡查和整治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組利用暑假期間不定期深入群眾中去通過走訪調(diào)查、實(shí)地考察等途徑實(shí)時(shí)掌握我校教師是否存在“有償家教”的問題一經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)及時(shí)制止并匯報(bào)教育局。至今止我校并未發(fā)現(xiàn)有師從事有償補(bǔ)課的現(xiàn)象。總之通過狠抓師德師風(fēng)建設(shè)工作使學(xué)校教師深深體會(huì)到只有制度完善、強(qiáng)過程管理發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時(shí)處理才能證師德建設(shè)有成效。這次暑期師德師風(fēng)專項(xiàng)巡查和整治以法制學(xué)習(xí)教育和組織教師進(jìn)行自查依托以“以法治?!钡闹贫裙芾怼⒖茖W(xué)評(píng)估、重在激勵(lì)手段形成良好的教師隊(duì)伍樹立教師的職業(yè)道德形象。
五、嚴(yán)格查處有償家教根據(jù)教育局規(guī)定,嚴(yán)禁教師從事有償家教。除了會(huì)議上多次強(qiáng)調(diào)以外,我校教師還簽訂“關(guān)于拒絕有償家教”的承諾書。同時(shí),師德師風(fēng)專項(xiàng)巡查和整治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組利用暑假期間,不定期深入群眾中去,通過走訪調(diào)查、實(shí)地考察等途徑,實(shí)時(shí)掌握我校教師是否存在“有償家教”的問題,一經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn),及時(shí)制止并匯報(bào)教育局。至今為止,我校并未發(fā)現(xiàn)有老師從事有償補(bǔ)課的現(xiàn)象??傊?,通過狠抓師德師風(fēng)建設(shè)工作,使學(xué)校教師深深體會(huì)到:只有制度完善、加強(qiáng)過程管理,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時(shí)處理,才能保證師德建設(shè)有成效。這次暑期師德師風(fēng)專項(xiàng)巡查和整治,以法制學(xué)習(xí)教育和組織教師進(jìn)行自查為依托,以“以法治?!钡闹贫裙芾?、科學(xué)評(píng)估、重在激勵(lì)為手段,形成良好的教師隊(duì)伍,樹立教師的職業(yè)道德形象。
(一)完成校本部和蓮溪校區(qū)的招生計(jì)劃。暑假期間,充分利用微信公眾號(hào)、微信朋友圈、視頻號(hào)、抖音等各類宣傳媒介,對(duì)招生進(jìn)行宣傳報(bào)道,營造良好的輿論氛圍。開放咨詢渠道,嚴(yán)格按照招生方案進(jìn)行招生,確保圓滿完成招生計(jì)劃。(二)繼續(xù)招納賢才,進(jìn)一步充實(shí)教師隊(duì)伍。下半年將繼續(xù)協(xié)助人社局、教體局開展校園招聘和社會(huì)招聘,廣納賢才,為學(xué)校的可持續(xù)發(fā)展菱定基礎(chǔ)。(三)持續(xù)規(guī)范教學(xué)常規(guī),提高教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量一是抓好教學(xué)常規(guī),教學(xué)常規(guī)的中心環(huán)節(jié)在課堂,力求課堂效果最大化。二是扎實(shí)做好尖子生培養(yǎng)工作。在尖子生培養(yǎng)方面,做到“精心”、“精品”,致力于尋求尖子生培養(yǎng)的良方。
六、“保護(hù)呼倫湖助力美麗呼倫貝爾市”生態(tài)文明踐行活動(dòng)為持續(xù)做好呼倫湖流域的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)治理工作。XX組織開展“保護(hù)呼倫湖助力美麗呼倫貝爾”生態(tài)文明實(shí)踐行動(dòng)。此次全旗共有600余名干部職工統(tǒng)一行動(dòng),對(duì)呼倫湖流域XX境內(nèi)生產(chǎn)生活垃圾、建筑垃圾及廢棄網(wǎng)圍欄進(jìn)行了集中清理,清掃垃圾500余袋,使呼倫湖及周邊地區(qū)環(huán)境得到了明顯改善。2024年下半年工作計(jì)劃1、為農(nóng)機(jī)安全生產(chǎn)打基礎(chǔ),舉辦農(nóng)機(jī)駕駛員培訓(xùn)班。2、以人為本推進(jìn)科技興牧,組織農(nóng)牧民參加高素質(zhì)牧民培訓(xùn)班。3、增強(qiáng)基層科技技術(shù)力量,組織基層農(nóng)技人員下鄉(xiāng)開展教育培訓(xùn)。4、加強(qiáng)科技知識(shí)宣傳、培訓(xùn),發(fā)揮好科技特派員服務(wù)農(nóng)牧民作用。5、認(rèn)真落實(shí)農(nóng)機(jī)構(gòu)置補(bǔ)貼項(xiàng)目資金,規(guī)范操作嚴(yán)格管理。6、嚴(yán)格農(nóng)機(jī)牌、證、照管理,杜絕無證駕駛,確保農(nóng)機(jī)安全生產(chǎn)。7、完成上級(jí)交辦的其他工作。
作為備課組長,必須認(rèn)識(shí)到教師的勞動(dòng),既是個(gè)體的創(chuàng)造性努力,需要發(fā)揮個(gè)人的才智,又要依靠集體的合作,需要群策群力。開學(xué)初始,我會(huì)早早制定切實(shí)可行的備課組活動(dòng)計(jì)劃,教學(xué)進(jìn)度計(jì)劃,從內(nèi)容的確定、人員的安排、活動(dòng)形式的組織等方面都進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的安排。所有工作的安排盡量做到公平公正,如果某位老師做某項(xiàng)工作有困難,我會(huì)及時(shí)調(diào)整計(jì)劃安排。在計(jì)劃實(shí)施過程中,我會(huì)采取隨機(jī)聽課,檢查教師批改作業(yè)情況等方式,嚴(yán)格監(jiān)督組內(nèi)成員是否按照計(jì)劃執(zhí)行。
1、認(rèn)真研究教材。吃透教材是教師進(jìn)行有效課堂教學(xué)的立足點(diǎn)。除了教學(xué)的重點(diǎn),難點(diǎn)的把握,教師還應(yīng)該考慮到教材的重組與延伸?! ?、仔細(xì)推敲教學(xué)方法。隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的的普及,教師可以利用的資源是越來越多了,教師交流教學(xué)方法的渠道也是越來越廣,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)相同的教學(xué)內(nèi)容往往有多種不同的教學(xué)方法,如何選擇適合自己班級(jí)學(xué)生的教學(xué)方式在教學(xué)中有著舉足輕重的地位。 3、有針對(duì)性的設(shè)計(jì)課堂練習(xí)。學(xué)生吸收知識(shí)第一印象往往十分重要,而教師在課堂上設(shè)計(jì)的聽說讀寫各式練習(xí)情況往往往直接影響著學(xué)生課后練習(xí)的正確率。
我一直都喜歡閱讀課外書籍,每天都會(huì)利用時(shí)間來閱讀,比如放學(xué)后,比如在假期內(nèi)都是我閱讀的時(shí)間,課外閱讀能夠增加知識(shí),更能夠讓我們學(xué)到更多的東西?! ∫?yàn)槲医?jīng)常閱讀課外書籍,我在寫作文時(shí),能夠輕易的運(yùn)用好每個(gè)文字,同時(shí)也能夠看到更多不同的文化,習(xí)俗,學(xué)習(xí)很多人生哲理,讓我得到了極大的成長。從閱讀中找到更加有趣的知識(shí),豐富自己的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,對(duì)我們來說這是成長,更是一次體驗(yàn),課外閱讀的好處不光是這些,更能夠提升我們的閱讀理解能力。
由扶到放,學(xué)習(xí)課文 1.指導(dǎo)學(xué)習(xí)一至三段?! 。?)指名讀第一段。學(xué)習(xí)生字"彎、直",通過做動(dòng)作理解詞義?! 。?)練習(xí)朗讀第一段,可邊讀邊做動(dòng)作?! 。?)教師引讀第二段:小燕子從他頭上飛過。小白兔大聲喊--(學(xué)生讀)?! 。?)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生看第一幅掛圖:小燕子飛得很低,小白兔奇怪地向燕子為什么飛得這么低。學(xué)生練習(xí)朗讀小白兔喊叫的句子,提醒學(xué)生注意提示語"大聲喊"和句尾問號(hào)?! 。?)先指名讀第三段,然后逐句以問引讀: ① 教師指第一句問:燕子邊飛邊說-- ?、诳諝庠趺礃幽?-(學(xué)生接讀第二句)蟲子的翅膀可比鳥的翅膀小多了,薄多了,就像透明的紗一樣,沾上了小水珠,就像人背上了鉛球一樣沉重,自然就飛不高了。再讀第二句?! 、勰切⊙嘧语w不高是什么原因呢?學(xué)生讀最后一句,教師板書:捉蟲子,學(xué)習(xí)生字"捉",練習(xí)朗讀句子。
初讀課文,學(xué)習(xí)字詞?! ?.出示自學(xué)提示:默讀課文,一邊讀一邊畫出不認(rèn)識(shí)的字和不理解的詞,并借助詞典等學(xué)習(xí)工具書理解?! ?.教師檢查學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)情況?! 。?)檢查生字讀音?! 、賲⒉睿?cēncī)芭蕉(b?。┮陆螅?jīn)嫵媚(wǔ) ?、凇氨 笔且粋€(gè)多音字,在字典中有三個(gè)讀音,一個(gè)讀bo,當(dāng)“迫近、靠近”講,組詞是日薄西山;還有的當(dāng)“輕微、少”、“不強(qiáng)壯”、“不厚道”、“看不起”等意思,組詞是“廣種薄收”、“單薄”、“輕薄”、“厚古薄今”等;一個(gè)讀bo,組詞是薄荷,多年生草本植物;還有一個(gè)讀音是bao,表示感情冷淡、不濃、不肥沃等意思。課文中 ?。?)指導(dǎo)易混淆的字?! 坝摹笔前氚鼑Y(jié)構(gòu),外面是“山”,里面是兩個(gè)“幺”?! 鞍浮笔巧舷陆Y(jié)構(gòu),上面是“安”,下面是“木”。 “薄”要與“簿”相互比較,可以通過組詞的形式來辨析,“薄”組詞是“薄餅”,“簿”組詞是練習(xí)簿?! 昂保鹤笥医Y(jié)構(gòu),與“米”有關(guān),形容非常黏稠、混沌不清的狀態(tài)。
首先我們進(jìn)入到真正的鳥的天堂,也就是你們的天堂去看一下: 1.出示課件(12-13自然段的內(nèi)容) 2.自由讀這一部分,這一部分寫出了“鳥的天堂”什么特點(diǎn)?(活潑可愛、鳥多)你是從哪些地方感悟到的?(自由發(fā)言) 3.當(dāng)學(xué)生讀到“應(yīng)接不暇”一詞時(shí),問:這個(gè)詞是什么意思呢?出示課件“群鳥紛飛”圖幫助理解。 4.這一段主要應(yīng)讀出它的什么特點(diǎn)來呢?(熱鬧)對(duì),這就是它的動(dòng)態(tài)美,這一段主要寫出了鳥的天堂的動(dòng)態(tài),讓我們一起來讀出它的動(dòng)態(tài)美。(引導(dǎo)讀“有的…有的…有的…”和“一只畫眉鳥…那歌聲真好聽…”讀出鳥的可愛;引導(dǎo)讀“到處都是鳥聲,到處都是鳥影”和“眼睛應(yīng)接不暇…”讀出鳥的多。) 5. 學(xué)生讀完后問:這一只小鳥在興奮地叫著,它可能在說什么呢?(可能在說,我在這里真快活。)假如你就是這只小鳥,你為什么會(huì)喜歡這個(gè)地方呢?讓我們將自己的視角往小鳥生活的環(huán)境──大榕樹身上聚集。
質(zhì)疑解難 1.結(jié)合資料袋中的內(nèi)容介紹本文主人公一李四光?! ?.學(xué)生針對(duì)課文內(nèi)容質(zhì)疑,師生共同解疑?! 。?)對(duì)預(yù)習(xí)認(rèn)真,能主動(dòng)、正確解疑的同學(xué)給予表揚(yáng)?! 。?)主要解決以下疑難: 隕石:大的流星在經(jīng)過地球大氣層時(shí),沒有完全燒毀墜落到地球上的含石質(zhì)較多或全部為石質(zhì)的隕星?! 〉刭|(zhì)學(xué)家:從事地球物質(zhì)形成和地殼構(gòu)造研究,以探討地球的形成和發(fā)展的科學(xué)家。 突兀:高聳。 第四紀(jì):地質(zhì)歷史的最后一個(gè)紀(jì)。約250萬年前至今。此時(shí)高緯度地區(qū)廣泛地發(fā)生了多次冰川作用?! ”ǎ涸诟呱交騼蓸O地區(qū),積雪由于自身的壓力變成冰塊(或積雪融化、下滲凍結(jié)成冰塊兒又因重力作用而沿著地面傾斜方面移動(dòng),這種移動(dòng)的大冰塊叫做冰川。在地質(zhì)上的新生代第四紀(jì),氣候非常寒冷,世界上的許多地方被冰川覆蓋,稱第四紀(jì)冰川?! ∏貛X:橫貫我國中部,東西走向的古老語皺斷層山脈。我國地理上的南北分界線。分布有冰川槽谷、角峰等。
深入讀議,體會(huì)“我”受鼓舞爬上峰頂 1、在爬山之前,望著又高又陡的天都峰,“我”心里是怎么想的?默讀課文,圈點(diǎn)勾畫,想想從哪些詞語、句子中看出“我”有害怕畏懼的心理?! ≈该涣?,出示并指導(dǎo)讀好問句“我爬得上去嗎?”、感嘆句“真叫人發(fā)顫!”以及語氣詞“啊”“哩”等,讀中體會(huì)“我”缺乏自信、畏懼退縮的心理?! ?、結(jié)果“我”爬上峰頂了嗎?自由讀課文的第8至10自然段,出示“我”說的話,指名朗讀?! ?、“我”看到了什么從而下定決心爬上峰頂呢?自由讀課文第3到7自然段,想想我的心理發(fā)生了怎樣的變化?! . 出示第4段重點(diǎn)句,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生深入討論交流,從中感受到“我”受老爺爺爬山鼓勵(lì)而下定決心爬上峰頂?shù)膬?nèi)心活動(dòng)?! . 體會(huì)“我”的心理,指導(dǎo)朗讀3、4自然段?! ?、“我”是怎么爬的?自由讀6、7自然段,畫出描寫爬山動(dòng)作的詞語?! . 學(xué)生讀書圈劃。 b.學(xué)生交流。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生聯(lián)系上下文,體會(huì)“奮力”是拼盡全身力氣的意思?! 摹芭手F鏈”、“手腳并用向上爬”可以看出爬山的艱難?! .引讀第7段,從“終于”二字上體會(huì)爬得辛苦、上山后的喜悅?! . 體會(huì)爬山的艱難、上山后的喜悅,指導(dǎo)朗讀6、7兩段。