一、說教學(xué)思想我在本課教學(xué)設(shè)計中堅持以人文科技教育為中心,以學(xué)生為主體;以興趣為支點、以交流為目的、以活動任務(wù)為途徑的教學(xué)原則。通過最新的計算機多媒體等教學(xué)手段創(chuàng)造貼近生活的教學(xué)情境,并在課堂上大量地采用互動式教學(xué)模式(包括人機互動),使學(xué)生自然進入英語世界;在教學(xué)過程中,綜合運用情景教學(xué)、任務(wù)型教學(xué)、交際教學(xué)、整體語言教學(xué)等手段,全面培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽、說、讀、寫等語言綜合運用能力。在課內(nèi)、課外全面利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),如在線英語學(xué)習(xí)、博客(Blog)、魔燈(Moodle)、QQ群、論壇(BBS)等手段,做到英語與信息技術(shù)的完美整合。二、說教材與教材處理本課采用的教材是是人教版小學(xué)英語(PEP)六年級上冊,內(nèi)容為學(xué)生學(xué)完I Have a Pen Pal后的一節(jié)綜合實踐活動(復(fù)習(xí))課。本單元教學(xué)重點為E-mail和英語書信的寫法。通過該單元的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生基本了解一些英語書信書寫的方法。但是學(xué)生還沒有利用計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)去寫英文E-mail(包括寫E-mail內(nèi)容和寫E-mail地址。)
二、教學(xué)設(shè)計與構(gòu)思根據(jù)以上對教材的分析,同時針對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)外語存在一定困難的實際情況及學(xué)生的年齡特點,首先給學(xué)生營造一個溫馨愉悅的氛圍,創(chuàng)設(shè)一個接近學(xué)生生活的語言環(huán)境,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,讓學(xué)生樂于參于以后的活動中,而且每一個環(huán)節(jié)都配有相應(yīng)的動畫或親切的畫面,讓學(xué)生在看、聽和感知中接受知識,陶冶情操。最后用清晰明了的方式總結(jié)知識要點,便于學(xué)生鞏固復(fù)習(xí)。在評價學(xué)習(xí)上,采用多元化評價,尊重差異,富于感性。布置作業(yè)時,分兩部分,由淺入深,照顧全體學(xué)生。三、教學(xué)文法通過五步教學(xué)法,精講巧紅,由淺入深,以學(xué)生為主體,開展師生雙邊活動。四、教學(xué)手段使用現(xiàn)代化教學(xué)手段,多媒體輔助教學(xué)貫穿整個教學(xué)過程,增加直觀性和趣味性,提高教學(xué)效果。
難點:1.學(xué)會談?wù)摬⒚枋鍪褂媚撤N交通工具到達某地。2.要求學(xué)生掌握好助動詞do在不同人稱特別是第三人稱單數(shù)后的變化。通過合作學(xué)習(xí)將聽說讀寫有機地結(jié)合起來,切實做到任務(wù)密集度適中,節(jié)奏合理,環(huán)節(jié)與環(huán)節(jié)之間過渡自然,讓學(xué)生一步步登上高峰突破難點。五.說教學(xué)策略:1.教學(xué)手段分析:針對低起點的學(xué)生,在學(xué)習(xí)過程中通過“兵交兵,小組訓(xùn)練,鼓勵性評價”等扶路措施,提高低起點學(xué)生的語言技能。針對高起點的學(xué)生要拔高學(xué)習(xí)目標,同時又能較好地運用到實踐中去。2.教學(xué)方法分析:本課主要以“任務(wù)型教學(xué)法”并輔助與情境交際法完成任務(wù)的。在教學(xué)活動中采用任務(wù)型教學(xué)法讓學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)活動具有明確的目標,并構(gòu)成有梯度的連續(xù)活動。學(xué)生從注重語言本身轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽⒅卣Z言習(xí)得,從而獲得語言運用的能力。我還采用情境交際法給學(xué)生足夠的聽,說的機會,聯(lián)系實際,創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,在交際中學(xué)英語。
三、教學(xué)準備 復(fù)習(xí)動詞短語,并且預(yù)習(xí)生詞, 游戲用的卡片 小獎品四、說教學(xué)方法與手段1.口語教學(xué),在真實的語境下進行對話交際,復(fù)習(xí)舊知識,認識新事物,學(xué)習(xí)新內(nèi)容。2.單詞教學(xué)游戲化,寓教于樂,讓學(xué)生學(xué)得開心,記得舒心。3. 利用信息溝活動,給學(xué)生設(shè)置了信息差,激發(fā)了學(xué)生的詢問欲望,真正使語言起到了交流思想的作用。4.聽說讀寫全面訓(xùn)練,從在聽說的基礎(chǔ)上,發(fā)展讀寫的技能。本節(jié)課著重寫的能力,讓學(xué)生從聽寫單詞到看圖寫句子,由簡到難,循序漸進。5.小組合作,師生對話,生生對話。五、說教材處理與學(xué)法指導(dǎo)1.將教材內(nèi)容分為三部分。第一部分為口語操練為主,完成Section B,3,在復(fù)習(xí)舊句型的前提下學(xué)習(xí)Could you please clean your room?并能熟練進行對話。2.第二部分是聽力練習(xí),訓(xùn)練學(xué)生對新學(xué)單詞的聽辨能力和從對話中獲取信息并作好記錄的能力。4.第三部分是一個寫的練習(xí),是對上一節(jié)課的語法聚焦的鞏固和提高,也是第二部分口頭表達的延伸,是學(xué)生書面表達的起步。
1a ---1c教材分析:本單元以“How often do you exercise ?”為話題展開教學(xué)活動。首先學(xué)會恰當?shù)厥褂妙l率副詞及短語,再學(xué)會描述課余時間的活動安排和基本飲食結(jié)構(gòu)。通過復(fù)習(xí)七年級學(xué)習(xí)過的動詞短語,及本單元的聽力練習(xí),各種方式的口語交際活動和寫作練習(xí),使學(xué)生積極參與,合作,從而培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語言運用能力。教材在本單元的開篇,即本課時,安排了關(guān)于談?wù)撜n余時間的各項活動,以及初步認識和使用頻率副詞,為進一步地使用頻率副詞及動詞短語做語言知識上的準備。教學(xué)目標:A:語言目標:恰當使用always usually often sometimes hardly ever never 等頻率副詞和日?;顒佣陶Z:watch TV go shopping read books exercise等。掌握句型: What do you usually do on weekends?I often go to the movies.What does she do on weekends ?She often goes to the movies.B:能力目標:學(xué)習(xí)描述課余時間的活動安排,初步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語言綜合運用能力。C:德育目標:培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的邏輯表述能力,激發(fā)學(xué)生的積極思維,并使學(xué)生互相了解,增進友誼,加強人際交往,以形成良好的人際關(guān)系。
If you are sandy,, you want to invite you good friends to come to you party, and you need their help, too..Make a list of things you want to buy and to do first, then discuss in group,act it out..讓學(xué)生進行評價.評出有特色的“最佳表演”“最佳創(chuàng)意”“最…”小組,給予獎勵。6.總結(jié)本課的target language.7.Homework.Invite your friends to have a picnic with you, and ask for their help to prepare for the picnic.. make a conversation. 8.教學(xué)反思如何激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣, 使他們主動積極地參與活動,開展合作學(xué)習(xí), 使課堂充滿活力,使設(shè)計的每個任務(wù)產(chǎn)生實效, 這是任務(wù)型教學(xué)中的首要問題. 本節(jié)課開展小組競賽, 任務(wù)鏈為:游戲熱身( 鞏固詞匯), 討論(學(xué)習(xí)運用句型), 表演(綜合運用)等活動, 逐步遞進, 從簡到難, 從談?wù)揝ally 的周末, 到談自己一周里所干的家務(wù),電話邀請和請求幫助 ,都是來自現(xiàn)實生活的話題, 極具真實性. 為學(xué)生綜合表達提供了豐富的素材.讓學(xué)深入、讓學(xué)生參與過程的評價體現(xiàn)了以學(xué)生為主體的教學(xué)理念.
1. 教學(xué)重點(1)新單詞及目標語言的掌握。(2)聽、說、讀、寫的綜合訓(xùn)練。(3)對對合作及小組合作練習(xí)口語的訓(xùn)練。2. 教學(xué)難點(1)when所引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。(2)詢問生日與出生年月日的區(qū)別。When is your birthday? (一般現(xiàn)在時)When were you born?(一般過去時) (3)表達年月日時所用的不同介詞:in+年/月;on+日期二、教學(xué)方法。由淺入深,由易到難,由已知到未知,從學(xué)生熟悉的運動明星、電影明星甚至是歌手入手,調(diào)動他們的學(xué)習(xí)積極性,讓他們在心情愉快、興趣濃厚的氛圍中展開一系列聽說讀寫的訓(xùn)練,主動地投入到學(xué)習(xí)中去,自然地掌握本單元的重點、難點;循序漸進地深化教學(xué)內(nèi)容,同時以訓(xùn)練學(xué)生聽說為主,展開以老師為主導(dǎo),以學(xué)生為主體的師生雙邊互動活動。三、教學(xué)手段。利用名人圖片來輔助新的語言知識的鞏固和訓(xùn)練;采用多媒體教學(xué),并把聽力內(nèi)容錄到電腦中,鍛煉了學(xué)生的視聽能力,提高了教學(xué)效果。
二、教學(xué)目標: 1. 知識目標:要求學(xué)生掌握使用表示猜測的情態(tài)動詞。2. 能力目標:讓學(xué)生做課堂的主人,同時培養(yǎng)他們掌握一些行之有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法,優(yōu)化學(xué)習(xí)效果。3. 情感目標:讓學(xué)生愛上英語課堂活動,鼓勵他們在課堂上進行合作交流。4.學(xué)習(xí)策略目標:設(shè)法使學(xué)生掌握使用英語進行交流,學(xué)習(xí)積極參與班級活動.三、教學(xué)分析:1. 說教法:1)任務(wù)型教學(xué)法:給學(xué)生三項任務(wù), 讓學(xué)生使用這些情態(tài)動詞來完成這些任務(wù)。使他們在任務(wù)中學(xué)習(xí)英語。2)情景教學(xué)法:創(chuàng)造足夠的交際環(huán)境刺激學(xué)生的視聽能力,使他們能夠更好的理解這些情態(tài)動詞。以培養(yǎng)他們的聽和會話能力。3)交易際教學(xué)法:學(xué)生可以通過倆倆對話或小組對話來掌握這些情態(tài)動詞。2. 說學(xué)法:1)學(xué)生要善于把握機會,用英語進行溝通,大膽實踐。
4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[歸納]1.過去將來時的基本構(gòu)成和用法過去將來時由“would+動詞原形”構(gòu)成,主要表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作(尤其用于賓語從句中),還可以表示過去的動作習(xí)慣或傾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示過去將來時的其他表達法(1)was/were going to+動詞原形:該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個主要用法,一是表示過去的打算,二是表示在過去看來有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+動詞原形:主要表示過去按計劃或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+動詞原形:表示在過去看來即將要發(fā)生的動作,由于本身已含有“即將”的意味,所以不再與表示具體的將來時間狀語連用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞:表示在過去看來即將發(fā)生的動作,通??捎糜谠摻Y(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬間動詞。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
Step 3 Meaning1. 過去將來時表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語從句中。一般由“would/should +動詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動詞原形: 表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動作, 常用于口語中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來表示即將發(fā)生的動作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時間狀語連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來計劃做某事, 動作沒實現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說她本來想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動詞的過去進行時: 表示就過去某一時刻而言即將發(fā)生的動作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說Who,其意思是問,對方想讓誰在開場時致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無論什么時候, 只要您想回來就回來。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務(wù)是我的榮幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
You have no excuse for not going.你沒有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作業(yè)而受到懲罰。2.動詞ing形式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動詞ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”構(gòu)成。動詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)實際上是給動詞ing形式加了一個邏輯主語。動詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式:①形容詞性物主代詞+動詞ing②名詞所有格+動詞ing③代詞賓格+動詞ing④名詞+動詞ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她來幫忙鼓舞了我們所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.這個嬰兒被突然的關(guān)門聲吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做飯的樣子嗎?無生命名詞無論是作主語還是作賓語都不能用第②種形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.湯姆去年得了一等獎使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克現(xiàn)在離開嗎?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我沒能按時來。His father's being ill made him worried.他父親病了,他很擔心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我們盼望著這位歌手來給我們舉辦一場演唱會。
(1)類型:常見的農(nóng)作物病害有:稻瘟病、小麥銹病、棉花枯萎病、煙草炭疽病等。常見的森林病害有:楊樹爛皮病、松皰銹病、溶葉病、泡桐叢枝病等。(2)病害發(fā)生的原因:A.氣候變異等造成的不良環(huán)境使得作物對病害抗性降低。B.外來病原體入侵也是病害流行的主要原因。(3)危害:病害使農(nóng)作物、樹木染病從而枯萎甚至死株,導(dǎo)致大面積農(nóng)田、森林被毀壞。2.蟲害和鼠害(1)蟲害的常見類型①常見的農(nóng)作物蟲害有:蝗蟲、黏蟲、水稻螟、棉鈴蟲等。其中危害最大的是蝗蟲。②常見的森林蟲害有松材線蟲、松毛蟲、楊樹蛀干害蟲、泡桐大袋蛾等。其中松材線蟲是世界上最具危險性的森林蟲害,被列為國際、國內(nèi)重大檢疫對象。(2)鼠害及危害①重災(zāi)區(qū):農(nóng)田、牧場及森林。②危害:害鼠啃食植株,在地下打洞,危害植物根系,使農(nóng)業(yè)減產(chǎn),森林草地遭到破壞。(3)蟲、鼠害的特點:繁殖快、適應(yīng)能力強(4)造成蟲害和鼠害流行的因素:①適宜繁殖的氣候條件、②自然或人為因素造成的天敵減少等,
2.內(nèi)容內(nèi)在邏輯本單元包括兩課。 第六課設(shè)計了“走近老師”和“師生交往”兩框內(nèi)容。第一框通過 了解不同時期的老師,讓學(xué)生從多層面、多角度認識老師這一職業(yè)群體;結(jié)合學(xué)生學(xué) 習(xí)實際,發(fā)現(xiàn)風(fēng)格不同的老師,進一步引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會接納、尊重不同風(fēng)格的老師,繼 而建立對老師應(yīng)有的正確“印象”;構(gòu)建與老師良好交往的邏輯起點。第二框通過幫 助學(xué)生正確對待老師的引領(lǐng)與指導(dǎo)、表揚與批評以及與老師的矛盾與沖突,使學(xué)生認 識到亦師亦友的師生關(guān)系是師生交往的理想狀態(tài);并以實際行動與老師共建良好師生 關(guān)系,共度教育好時光。第七課設(shè)計了“家的意味” 、“愛在家人間”和“讓家更美好”三框內(nèi)容。第一框通過 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生聯(lián)系已有的生活經(jīng)驗認識“家”是什么,結(jié)合對“家”及有關(guān)優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)文化 進行探討與分享,認識中國人的“家”是怎樣的;在對“家”基本認知的前提下,第二 框進一步引導(dǎo)學(xué)生理解家的最本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵是“愛” ,并以實際行動去呵護“愛”;在對 “家”和“愛”的認知基礎(chǔ)上,第三框進一步引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會與家庭成員友好相處,從 而構(gòu)建和諧的家庭關(guān)系,讓家更美好。
(一) 課標要求責任意識是指具備承擔責任的認知、態(tài)度和情感,并能轉(zhuǎn)化為實際行動。責任意 識主要表現(xiàn)為 ∶1.主人翁意識。對自己負責,關(guān)心集體,關(guān)心社會,關(guān)心國家,維護祖國統(tǒng)一和 國家安全,具備國家利益高于一切的觀念。2.擔當精神。具有為人民服務(wù)的奉獻精神,積極參與志愿者活動、社區(qū)服務(wù)活動, 熱愛自然,踐行綠色生活方式。3.有序參與。具有民主與法治意識,守規(guī)矩,重程序,能夠依規(guī)依法參與公共事務(wù),根據(jù)規(guī)則參與校園生活的民主實踐。培育學(xué)生的責任意識,有助于他們提升對自己、家庭、集體、社會、國家和人類 的責任感,增強擔當精神和參與能力。學(xué)生能夠關(guān)心集體、社會和國家,具有主人翁意識、責任感和集體主義精神,主 動承擔對自己、家庭、學(xué)校和社會的責任, 自覺維護祖國統(tǒng)一和國家安全;能夠主動 參與志愿者活動、社區(qū)服務(wù)活動,具有為人民服務(wù)的奉獻精神,勇于擔當;能夠遵守 社會規(guī)則和社會公德,依法依規(guī)有序參與公共事務(wù),具有公共意識和公共精神;敬畏 自然,保護環(huán)境,形成人與自然生命共同體意識。