我認識圣陶先生是在成都,1941年春天的一個細雨蒙蒙的上午。那時候我在華西大學中國文化研究所工作,圣陶先生在四川省教育科學館工作。教育科學館計劃出一套供中學語文教師用的參考書。其中有一本《精讀指導舉隅》和一本《略讀指導舉隅》,是由圣陶先生和朱佩弦先生合作編寫的。計劃里邊還有一本講文法的書,圣陶先生從顧頡剛先生那里知道我曾經在云南大學教過這門課,就來征求我的意見,能否答應寫這樣一本書。我第一次見到圣陶先生,跟我想象中的“文學家”的形象全不一樣:一件舊棉袍,一把油紙雨傘,說話慢言細語,像一位老塾師。他說明來意之后,我答應試試看。又隨便談了幾句關于語文教學的話,他就回去了。那時候圣陶先生從樂山搬來成都不久,住家和辦公都在郊外。過了幾天,他讓人送來一套正中書局的國文課本,供我寫書取用例句。
四、總結存儲1.教師總結??v觀作者對阿長形象的刻畫,猶如一部連續(xù)劇。從“喜歡切切察察”,對“我”過分看管,到睡相粗俗;從“懂得許多規(guī)矩”,特別是“元旦的古怪儀式”,到給“我”講長毛的故事,再到“謀害”隱鼠,多側面多角度地展現(xiàn)出阿長的個性特點:粗俗好事,迷信無知,卻又樂天安命,簡單率性。直到阿長給“我”買來《山海經》,先抑后揚的表達效果才充分顯現(xiàn),阿長純樸善良、仁厚慈愛的品格在前文的襯托下顯得格外閃光。而文章末尾,作者飽含深情地祝禱,將全文情感推向高潮。2.課外練筆。在你的童年生活中,有沒有像阿長這樣給你留下深刻印象的普通人?你怎樣看待他們的優(yōu)缺點?談一談你的想法和感受。(200字左右)【設計意圖】在學生對課文有了整體的認知之后,教師總結提升。然后要求學生發(fā)現(xiàn)生活中普通人的閃光點,發(fā)現(xiàn)人性美,并進行課外練筆,有利于學生在實踐中鞏固技能,以讀促寫,讀寫結合,不僅可以加深對課文內容的理解,還能鍛煉學生的寫作能力。
第三部分(第3—8段):寫小桃樹艱難曲折的生長過程。第四部分(第9—14段):回到眼前情景,生動地描寫小桃樹在風雨中的掙扎。3.理清小桃樹的生長過程。師:作者寫小桃樹時,將眼前之景與回憶交叉敘寫。請同學們按照時間順序,理清小桃樹的生長過程。預設 小桃樹的生長過程:桃核被埋在院子角落里(“我”將它忘卻)—萌芽(嫩綠)—長到二尺來高(樣子極猥瑣)—有院墻高了(被豬拱,討人嫌,被遺忘,奶奶照顧)—開花(弱小,遭大雨,沒有蜂蝶戀過,花零落,在雨中掙扎)—高高的一枝兒上保留著一個欲綻的花苞(在風雨中搖著愣是沒掉下去,像風浪里航道上的指示燈)。師小結:小桃樹的經歷充滿磨難:在幾乎被“我”忘卻的時候卻破土而出;出生后瘦弱可憐,遭到大家的嘲笑,連奶奶也說它沒出息;它被豬拱過,又險些被砍掉;它第一次開花就遭到風雨的摧殘。但是,它一直頑強地生長,勇敢地與風雨搏斗,努力地綻放。本環(huán)節(jié)旨在運用圈點批注法理解作者對小桃樹的情感。既能培養(yǎng)學生品析語言的能力,又能在把握小桃樹意象的基礎上準確體會作者的情感。
梁啟超(1873—1929),字卓如,號任公,別號飲冰室主人。廣東新會人,思想家、學者。清朝光緒年間舉人,戊戌變法(百日維新)領袖之一、中國近代維新派、新法家代表人物。幼年受傳統(tǒng)教育,光緒十年(1884)中秀才,1889年中舉。后從師于康有為,成為資產階級改良派的宣傳家。維新變法前,協(xié)助康有為一起聯(lián)合在京應試舉人發(fā)動“公車上書”運動,此后先后領導北京和上海的強學會,又與黃遵憲一起辦《時務報》,任長沙時務學堂的總教習,并著《變法通議》為變法做宣傳。戊戌變法失敗后,逃亡日本。晚年任清華國學研究院導師。他一生著述頗豐,著有《清代學術概論》《中國近三百年學術史》等,著作大多收入《飲冰室合集》。文學知識議論文議論文是一種以議論為主要表達方式,通過擺事實、講道理,直接表達作者的觀點和主張的常用文體。論點、論據(jù)和論證,是議論文的三要素。
教學反思:1、引導學生體驗抽象除法豎式的過程。學生在學習表內乘除法時,利用乘法口訣已經能夠在算式上直接寫出得數(shù)。教材安排了“18個蘋果,每盤放6個,可以放幾盤”的“分蘋果”活動,列舉了四種解決這一問題的方法。在此基礎上,引導學生按照自己的想法來分這些蘋果,進而再由對除法豎式有一定了解的學生介紹豎式計算,并且把豎式中的每一步所表示的含義和分蘋果的活動緊密聯(lián)系起來。2、在探究中理解除法的試商方法。學生通過實際操作、觀察比較,培養(yǎng)學生質疑和創(chuàng)新精神,學會學習、積累數(shù)學活動經驗的有意義的學習過程。3、不足:這節(jié)課上得不夠生動、活潑。
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教學步驟、時間 教師活動 學生活動 媒體應用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.讓同學們回答下列問題1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此時教師用漢語問:“在周末期間問你干了什么?這句話用英語這么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板書、學習)
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
三、教學建議第一課時:1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
2.1Match the country with the language.Step II Reading3a? let the students read the letter fast and answer the questions.? Let the students ask more questions about the letter as possible as the can.Step III Writing3b.Step IV. Pairwork2cStep V Listening2a, 2bStep V. HomeworkExercises book(1) P3Exercises book (2) P3Period FourStep I . Dictate the words and sentences in Unit1.Step II. Self-checkStep III. Check the answers for Exercises book in the unit.Step IV. Home workRevise and preparation for unit 2.教學反思:通過本單元的學習,學生基本可以談論人們的國籍,居住城市及其所說的語言,通過書信方式去介紹自己并尋找筆友。但在涉及到國外的一些城市時,學生對這方面的知識相對欠缺,能介紹的城市并不多,也反應出學生課前預習不充分,這跟學生學習條件也有關,大多數(shù)學生無法通過網絡獲取所需信息。因此,在以后的教學中要多指導學生通過計算機網絡獲取信息,拓寬知識面。
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 設計理想中的人類Step one: 設計理想中的人類的外貌。把全班同學分成若干小組,學生可以邊說邊在紙上畫出他們的模樣。Step two: 設計理想中人類的性格。學生們可以把那些能描述性格的單詞寫在圖畫的旁邊。Step three: 每組選出一名同學,其他同組同學提問,他作簡單回答,并說明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑戰(zhàn)性活動調查性格是天生的還是后天形成的,讓每個同學回家去調查一下自己成長過程中性格是否有變化,具體是怎樣的,為什么會這樣? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.
Don’t fight. =You can’t fight. (板書,教讀)教師把這些句子板書在黑板上,并請學生大聲整齊地讀祈使句和“can’t”句型,并讓學生注意兩種句型表達形式的不同和轉換,“Don’t …=You can’t…”;并對學生說:These are our school rules. (板書,教讀) You can’t break the school rules. Don’t break the school rules.(板書,教讀)步驟3 :Practicea. T: Now, each of the students is breaking one of these rules.Please finish 1a.學生看圖,完成1a的內容,檢查答案并大聲朗讀校規(guī)。b. 聽錄音,完成1b,選出四位學生都違反了哪條校規(guī);聽之前,學生要讀會英文名。c. 請兩位學生朗讀1c部分的句型;要求學生兩人一組對話表演,SA扮演外校轉來新生,SB告知本校校規(guī)。(學生可經過討論,多說出他們想到的校規(guī),不必只限于書上;教師應給予幫助)2) 第二課時(2a~4)步驟1 :warming up of revisionT: What are the rules at your school?學生使用“can”或祈使句表達各條校規(guī);其中老師可引出“eat in the cafeteria outside”的表達。步驟2 :Practicea.T: Christina is an exchange student. She doesn’t know the rules. Let’s listen, what activities they’re talking about?學生聽第一遍時,完成2a;第二遍時,完成2b;b. 請學生領讀2c部分,看著2a完成的表格,理解2c活動的要求;分成小組針對2a進行問答;
教學過程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
1 Each group choose one place to describe and what you are doing in it Choose one place, and describe what they are doing 2 Move around the room and give suggestions Talk about it and write it down 3 Ask one to show their works and act it Choose one of each group to make a report 4 Evaluate the best group and the best reporter Choose the best one Homework Ask your friends their ideal place and write about it教學反思:新課程標準中強調學生在課堂中的主體地位,在綜合課中他們的主體地位就更加突出。在各個活動中給不同程度的學生不同層次的任務,讓各層面的學生都有表現(xiàn)發(fā)揮的機會,從而產生對英語的興趣。使用照片圖片多媒體來輔助教學,效果更好。同時讓了解其他國家風景,風俗的同學介紹ideal place,增加學生的背景知知識,實現(xiàn)跨學科交流的目的。教案點評:采用任務型教學模式,在各個活動中給不同程度的學生不同層次的任務,讓各層面的學生都有表現(xiàn)發(fā)揮的機會,從而產生對英語的興趣。使用照片圖片多媒體來輔助教學,效果更好。讓了解其他國家風景,風俗的同學介紹ideal place,增加學生的背景知識,實現(xiàn)跨學科交流的目的。
五、教學Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.說明:這一步旨在讓學生運用已有的語言知識談論對事物的看法和意見,并簡單闡明理由,培養(yǎng)學生的主動思維能力和運用英語的能力。六、教學拓展調查電視節(jié)目的收視率任務:調查你周圍的人對現(xiàn)在各種電視節(jié)目的反響?;顒舆^程:1.教師布置任務,讓學生調查周圍的人(包括他的親戚朋友和鄰居)喜歡收看哪方面的電視節(jié)目。2.學生進行調查活動,運用本單元所學的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.記錄下排在前10位的TV Program,填寫調查表,比較其收視率。
句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t語法:一般過去時特殊疑問句、一般疑問句及肯、否定回答。課時安排4課時第一課時:Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二課時:Section A:3a,3b,4第三課時:Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四課時:Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一課時教學目標掌握描寫假期生活的形容詞。假期里自己所做事情的簡單表達。談論假期做的事情及當時情況。談論假期時旅游的天氣,旅游者以及食物等。教學過程一、導入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 說明:通過讓學生聽節(jié)奏歡快迪斯尼英語歌曲Let’s travel.引入本節(jié)課談論的話題vacation and travel. 讓歌曲使學生的思維活躍,增強課堂氣氛,激發(fā)學生提高學習英語的興趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic說明:這個問題是為了操練形容詞。建議讓多個Ss作答。鼓勵他們用不同的形容詞。上述個別形容詞本應在第二課時中出現(xiàn),但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出現(xiàn)。這些形容詞也可在老師的評價語中適時出現(xiàn),以加深學生對詞匯的印象。
單元整體說明(一)單元教材分析本單元的核心話題是描述動物和表達個人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。這也是本單元的教學重點。通過本單元的學習,學生應能較流利地運用所學詞匯和句型描述動物,表達個人喜好。(二)單元知識結構1.詞匯動物名稱 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.詞匯描述性形容詞: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.國家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)單元整體目標1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)單元教學重難點一覽(五)單元學情分析學生此前已經學過由why, where, what 引導的特殊疑問句句型,具有了學習本單元知識的認知前提。形形色色的動物能激發(fā)學生的好奇心,產生了解它們的欲望,這有利于本單元知識的教學和學生學習興趣的培養(yǎng)。
活動八:Story time:教學參考時間:5-7分鐘打開書,學生自己閱讀故事。兩人一小組,嘗試初步朗讀。小組間互相提問回答:一人問,另一人回答。有兩個人都不明白的問題,向全班提問。教師提問:(如果這些問題已經被同學問過了就不用再問了。)Is Zoom reading a book?Is he fishing?Are the frogs playing in the river?Are they catching mosquitoes?What are the frogs doing?教師播放故事錄音,學生跟讀。教師啟發(fā)學生說一說從故事中學到了什么。教師要適時告訴學生青蛙是人類的朋友,要愛護青蛙?;顒幽康模篠tory time的教學,是培養(yǎng)學生閱讀能力的有效載體,教師應充分利用。教師要給孩子充分的時間讓孩子能夠實實在在的進行閱讀,從閱讀中獲得信息。經過了兩年的學習,學生應該具備了初步的閱讀小故事的方法,因此教師可以引導有能力的學生在原有的基礎上,運用已經學過的語言,對故事進行簡單的復述。這樣做一方面可以檢查學生理解的程度,另一方面可以進一步培養(yǎng)、鍛煉學生的語言表達能力。
Teaching goals:1.Words&phrases: robot, paper, less, fewer, simple, unpleasant, factory, seem, etc .2.will 構成的一般將來時態(tài)的陳述句、否定句、疑問句及回答.3.There be 句型的一般將來時.4.more , less , fewer 的用法.5.學習一般將來時態(tài)的相關知識,學會對未來進行預測.6.對five years ago ,today ,in five years 簡潔回顧與展望的方式,貼近實際符合學生心理,激發(fā)學習興趣.7.通過時間對比復習一般過去時態(tài)、一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),鞏固一般將來時.Important and difficult points :1.will構成一般將來時態(tài)的句式。2.There be 句型的一般將來時態(tài)。3.more , fewer , less 的用法。4.How to make predictions .Period 1Teaching procedures:Step 1 Leading in1.Greetings: Welcome to school .What’s the date today ? Who’s on duty today ?Do you enjoy your winter holiday ?Do you finish your homework ?Do you want to live on the moon ?Can you guess what will happen in ten years ?Collect the Ss’ answers and say something about their predictions .Step 2 Pre-taskSB Page 2 ,1a .1.Look at the picture :How will the world be different in the future ,100 years from now ?We’re going to talk about sth in 100 years .
教學時間:教學準備:小黑板,掛圖。教學過程:一、復習舊知,引入新課。1、請大家想一想到今天為止,我們已經復習了本學期學過的哪些知識?(表內除法。萬以內數(shù)的認識和加法、減法??撕颓Э思皥D形的變換。)2、對這些知識還有沒有什么問題?還有沒有內容是我們沒有復習到或復習了掌握不好的?如果學生有問題,則針對問題,讓同學們一起來想辦法解決這些問題。學生提出問題,思考解決方法。二、復習整理:1、分別出示教材第122頁第13、14題的掛圖。(如果沒有,就讓學生直接看書)(1)看了圖后,你明白圖中的畫是什么意思嗎?學生看掛圖,小組討論這兩題的意思。敘述兩幅圖的意思,沒有說好的請其他同學來補充完整。在小組內討論交流。(2)怎樣來解決這兩個生活中的實際問題?
此圖是一個復式折線統(tǒng)計圖,考察內容是根據(jù)統(tǒng)計圖,進行數(shù)據(jù)的有效分析。(1)因為統(tǒng)計圖中藍色的折線表示學齡兒童,根據(jù)對學齡兒童的折線數(shù)據(jù)分析發(fā)現(xiàn):1980年的學齡兒童最多,2000年的學齡兒童最少。(2)根據(jù)題目要求的分析:沒上學的學齡兒童實際上是指:學齡兒童的人數(shù)與實際入學兒童人數(shù)的差。通過仔細觀察統(tǒng)計圖,可以直觀地發(fā)現(xiàn):1980年的學齡兒童和入學人數(shù)之間的差值最大,2000年的學齡兒童和入學人數(shù)之間的差值最小。所以,1980年沒上學的學齡兒童最多,2000年的最少。(3)這一問比較開放,只要合理即可。三、練習二十七第9——14題解答指導:9. 81cm3=81ml 700dm3=0.7m3 560ml=0.56L 2.3dm3=2300cm310. 根據(jù)圖示可知:把鐵皮做成一個長方體,長方體的長為30—5×2=20(cm),寬為25—5×2=15(cm),高也就是切去的正方形的邊長5cm。(1)求“這個盒子用了多少鐵皮?”也就是求這個鐵皮盒子(無蓋)的表面積。
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