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人教部編版語文八年級(jí)下冊(cè)《一滴水經(jīng)過麗江》教案
【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】從詩意的語言入手，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注句式節(jié)奏、抒情性、敘事性、哲理性，品析語言，從而加深對(duì)文本的理解，體會(huì)作者對(duì)麗江的熱愛、贊美之情，體會(huì)作者在景物描寫中隱含的思想。五、總結(jié)存儲(chǔ)1.教師總結(jié)作者虛構(gòu)一個(gè)旅游者兼講述者——“一滴水”，用它形成時(shí)空線索，串聯(lián)起麗江的自然風(fēng)光、歷史文化、民俗風(fēng)情，并著力表現(xiàn)景物背后的麗江的人文精神，來抒發(fā)作者對(duì)麗江古城與自然美妙融合的贊美之情，對(duì)麗江的醇美、和諧、沉靜的贊美之情，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代文明和諧交融的贊美之情，對(duì)自然萬物的熱愛和生命平等的意識(shí)。詩意的語言中，有強(qiáng)烈的抒情，有厚重的歷史感，有深邃的哲思。這“一滴水”折射出的，是阿來的思想、靈魂。2.布置作業(yè)（1）模仿本文的寫法，寫一篇不少于600字的隨筆，選擇一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)囊暯?，跨越時(shí)空，全面多角度展現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)的自然風(fēng)光、歷史文化、風(fēng)土人情。（2）課外閱讀阿來的《大地的階梯》，體會(huì)融景物、歷史、感悟、思考于一體的游記風(fēng)格。
人教部編版語文九年級(jí)上冊(cè)課外古詩詞誦讀（一）教案
二、初讀，解讀“早行”，感受意象的豐富1.尋讀意象課件出示：詩人圍繞“早行”一詞，寫了哪些典型特征的細(xì)節(jié)、景物？如何體現(xiàn)“早行”？學(xué)生自由誦讀、思考交流。教師點(diǎn)撥：頷聯(lián)十種景物的十個(gè)名詞——雞、聲、茅、店、月、人、跡、板、橋、霜。一詞一景，讓我們獲得廣闊的想象空間，組成意韻豐富的畫面。這就是古典詩歌的“意象疊加”法。預(yù)設(shè)：詩歌中處處體現(xiàn)“早行”，如“晨起動(dòng)征鐸”（清晨起床，車馬鈴聲叮叮當(dāng)當(dāng)），“雞聲茅店月”（雞鳴早看天），“人跡板橋霜”（莫道君行早，更有早行人），“枳花明驛墻”（“明”反襯“天暗”，說明“早”）。2.延讀意象疊加的詩句課件出示：（1）枯藤老樹昏鴉，小橋流水人家，古道西風(fēng)瘦馬。（馬致遠(yuǎn)《天凈沙·秋思》）（2）樓船夜雪瓜洲渡，鐵馬秋風(fēng)大散關(guān)。（陸游《書憤》）（3）細(xì)草微風(fēng)岸，危檣獨(dú)夜舟。（杜甫《旅夜抒懷》）（4）桃李春風(fēng)一杯酒，江湖夜雨十年燈。（黃庭堅(jiān)《寄黃幾復(fù)》）
人教部編版七年級(jí)語文上冊(cè)課外古詩詞誦讀（一）教案
（1）示例一（橫向聯(lián)想） 李白的送別詩：①“思君不見下渝州”，表達(dá)依依惜別的無限情思，可謂語短情長(zhǎng)。②“仍憐故鄉(xiāng)水，萬里送行舟”，意思是“我”還是憐愛故鄉(xiāng)的水，流過萬里送“我”遠(yuǎn)行。這一句運(yùn)用了擬人的修辭手法，將故鄉(xiāng)水?dāng)M人化，借寫故鄉(xiāng)水有情，不遠(yuǎn)萬里，依依不舍送“我”遠(yuǎn)別故鄉(xiāng)，表達(dá)了詩人離開故鄉(xiāng)時(shí)依依不舍、思念故鄉(xiāng)的感情。③“孤帆遠(yuǎn)影碧空盡，唯見長(zhǎng)江天際流?！边@兩句看起來似乎是寫景，但在寫景中包含著一個(gè)充滿詩意的細(xì)節(jié)。李白一直把朋友送上船，船已經(jīng)揚(yáng)帆而去，而他還在江邊目送遠(yuǎn)去的船帆。李白望著帆影，一直看到帆影逐漸模糊，消失在碧空的盡頭，可見目送時(shí)間之長(zhǎng)。帆影已經(jīng)消失了，然而李白還在翹首凝望，這才注意到一江春水，在浩浩蕩蕩地流向遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的水天交接之處?！拔ㄒ婇L(zhǎng)江天際流”，是眼前景象，可是誰又能說是單純地寫景呢？李白對(duì)朋友的一片深情，李白的向往，不正體現(xiàn)在這富有詩意的神馳目注之中嗎？詩人的心潮起伏，不正像那浩浩東去的一江春水嗎？
人教部編版語文九年級(jí)上冊(cè)任務(wù)一學(xué)習(xí)鑒賞教案
審美鑒賞與創(chuàng)造——詩歌意象“詩是無聲畫”，詩要用形象說話。一般說來，詩歌寫作是由“靈感—尋象—尋言”這三個(gè)階段構(gòu)成的。獲得靈感，就是獲得一種詩美體驗(yàn)；獲得詩美體驗(yàn)之后，就要將詩美體驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為詩歌意象。詩歌意象創(chuàng)作要注意以下幾個(gè)方面：1.象征手法的運(yùn)用。象征多用具體生動(dòng)的形象來暗示某種生活、情緒和哲理，可以將抽象的事物變得具體可感。2.要善于將抽象的感情形象化。詩歌創(chuàng)作中，或是即事抒情，或是融情于景，或是托物言志，要盡力將情感形象化，避免單純地抒情。3.意象的組合。意象組合是用一個(gè)接一個(gè)的意象，按照一定的美學(xué)原則把它組合起來，形成一幅幅跳躍的畫面，使它們產(chǎn)生對(duì)比、襯托、聯(lián)想、暗示等作用，讓讀者通過一系列的意象組合去揣摩和領(lǐng)悟作者的意圖。
人教部編版語文九年級(jí)下冊(cè)任務(wù)一閱讀與思考教案
結(jié)束語：通過這節(jié)課的探究，我們了解了本單元三部戲劇的背景和主旨，相信大家對(duì)劇本的理解更深了。下節(jié)課，我們就要準(zhǔn)備排練戲劇，希望大家課下再好好讀讀劇本，加深理解。五、布置作業(yè)1.課后查閱關(guān)于表演的相關(guān)資料，了解表演的知識(shí)。2.選擇最喜歡的一個(gè)劇本熟讀，并選擇其中最喜歡的一個(gè)人物，揣摩應(yīng)如何表演。劇本學(xué)習(xí)是一項(xiàng)新的教學(xué)內(nèi)容，本次教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)主要以人物為核心，從三個(gè)方面展開：（1）從文本的角度讀劇本。從基本的情節(jié)入手，通過理解情節(jié)中的矛盾沖突來感知人物形象，讓學(xué)生建立對(duì)劇本的基本理解。（2）從表演的角度讀劇本。訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的朗讀能力，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過臺(tái)詞來理解人物，為下階段的舞臺(tái)表演打下基礎(chǔ)。（3）從現(xiàn)實(shí)的角度讀劇本。指導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)劇本的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，促進(jìn)學(xué)生的成長(zhǎng)。
初中數(shù)學(xué)人教版二元一次方程組教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)教案
（一）例題引入籃球聯(lián)賽中，每場(chǎng)比賽都要分出勝負(fù)，每隊(duì)勝1場(chǎng)得2分，負(fù)1場(chǎng)得1分。某隊(duì)在10場(chǎng)比賽中得到16分，那么這個(gè)隊(duì)勝負(fù)場(chǎng)數(shù)分別是多少？方法一：（利用之前的知識(shí)，學(xué)生自己列出并求解）解：設(shè)剩X場(chǎng)，則負(fù)（10－X)場(chǎng)。方程：2X+(10－X)=16方法二：（老師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生一起列出方程組）解：設(shè)勝X場(chǎng)，負(fù)Y場(chǎng)。根據(jù)：勝的場(chǎng)數(shù)+負(fù)的場(chǎng)數(shù)=總場(chǎng)數(shù) 勝場(chǎng)積分+負(fù)場(chǎng)積分=總積分得到：X+Y=10 2X+Y=16
部編版語文八年級(jí)下冊(cè)《我一生中的重要抉擇》教案
（1）一個(gè)快落山的太陽，跟大家講的，更多的是自己一生奮斗過來的體會(huì)。指61歲的老人。（2）加入人家說我是權(quán)威，也許還馬馬虎虎。作者自謙的說法，指成績(jī)還過得去。（3）明明是一個(gè)過去時(shí)態(tài)，大家誤認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。指作者認(rèn)為自己不適合再做權(quán)威了。（4）扶植年輕人我覺得是一種歷史的潮流，當(dāng)然我們要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造條件，就是把他們推到需要刺激的風(fēng)口浪尖上。比喻重要的崗位或市場(chǎng)的前沿。【感悟精彩句子】1.所以我知道自己是一個(gè)下午四五點(diǎn)鐘的太陽。各位呢，上午八九點(diǎn)鐘的太陽，這是本科生；碩士生呢，九十點(diǎn)鐘的太陽；博士生呢，十點(diǎn)十一點(diǎn)鐘的太陽。比喻，拉近了與聽眾的距離，倍感親切、期望和鼓舞。2.所以1992年前電視臺(tái)采訪我，我基本上都拒絕了。透過細(xì)節(jié)，體現(xiàn)了堅(jiān)持不懈的科研精神。
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 2 Bridging Cultures-Discovering useful structures教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Reading and thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Discovering useful structures教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑體部分在句中作表語。2. 句1、2、3中的that在從句中不作成分，只起連接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
當(dāng)孩子們由父母陪同時(shí)，他們才被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。3．過去分詞(短語)作狀語時(shí)的幾種特殊情況(1)過去分詞(短語)在句中作時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步狀語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間、條件、原因及讓步狀語從句。Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.從山頂上看，整個(gè)城市看起來更美了。Given ten more minutes (＝If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多給十分鐘，我們會(huì)完美地完成這項(xiàng)工作。Greatly touched by his words (＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的話深深地感動(dòng)，她滿眼淚花。Warned of the storm (＝Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.盡管被警告了風(fēng)暴的到來，但農(nóng)民們?nèi)栽谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)干活。(2)過去分詞(短語)在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語時(shí)，可改為句子的并列謂語或改為并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (＝and was followed by two students)．后面跟著兩個(gè)學(xué)生，老師走進(jìn)了房間。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(＝and was accompanied by his mom)．他由母親陪著度過了一整個(gè)下午。
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Learning about Language教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys： 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Reading and thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
Step 5： After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Using langauge教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Discovering useful structures教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.報(bào)紙報(bào)道說有一百多人在暴風(fēng)雨中喪生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語是一般過去時(shí)，以及by、before后面接過去的時(shí)間時(shí)，主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作或過去的時(shí)間之前且表示被動(dòng)時(shí)，要用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10歲前就已經(jīng)被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生產(chǎn)了好幾噸大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，要用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 這是我一年半以來第一次親眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虛擬語氣中，條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，且主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，要用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一點(diǎn)得到他的指示，我早就完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快點(diǎn)的話，我就不會(huì)誤了火車。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚會(huì)，你就會(huì)見到他的。
人教版高中地理選修3第一章第二節(jié)現(xiàn)代旅游對(duì)區(qū)域發(fā)展的意義教案
三、影響區(qū)域環(huán)境說明：環(huán)境是旅游業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)，旅游對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)具有促進(jìn)作用。世界上很多國(guó)家在發(fā)展旅游業(yè)的同時(shí)，都很重視對(duì)旅游資源和環(huán)境的保護(hù)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)旅游業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)環(huán)境也有消極作用，如果旅游與環(huán)境的關(guān)系不處理好，環(huán)境也會(huì)朝著惡化的方向發(fā)展。圖1．10古建修復(fù)圖1．10對(duì)比顯示古建筑修復(fù)前后景觀的變化，說明旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展有利于文物古跡和古建筑的保護(hù)。討論：1．列舉旅游業(yè)發(fā)展有利于環(huán)境的措施。提示：建立各種自然保護(hù)區(qū)、申報(bào)歷史文物保護(hù)單位等措施都有利于保護(hù)旅游環(huán)境。2．舉例說明旅游對(duì)環(huán)境的消極作用。提示：旅游對(duì)環(huán)境的消極作用主要表現(xiàn)在：由于對(duì)旅游資源開發(fā)建設(shè)不當(dāng)或失誤，使生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化；由于大量游客的涌入，排放的各類廢棄物超過了環(huán)境自凈能力而造成環(huán)境污染；由于大量游客的接觸或不文明行為引起的對(duì)風(fēng)景、文物的破壞等。
人教版高中地理選修1第三章第一節(jié)地球的早期演化和地質(zhì)年代教案
地質(zhì)年代可分為相對(duì)年代和絕 對(duì)年齡（或同位素年齡）兩種。相對(duì)地質(zhì)年代是指巖石和地層之間的相對(duì)新老關(guān)系和它們的時(shí)代順序。地質(zhì)學(xué)家和古生物學(xué)家根據(jù)地層自然形成的先后順序，將地層分為5代12紀(jì)。即早期的太古代和元古代（元古代 在中國(guó)含有1個(gè)震旦紀(jì)），以后的古生代、中生代和新生代。古生代分為寒武紀(jì)、奧陶紀(jì)、志留紀(jì)、泥盆紀(jì)、石炭紀(jì)和二疊紀(jì)，共7個(gè)紀(jì)；中生代分為三疊紀(jì)、侏羅紀(jì)和白堊紀(jì)，共3個(gè)紀(jì)；新生代只有第三紀(jì)、第四紀(jì)兩個(gè)紀(jì)。在各個(gè)不同時(shí)期的地層里，大都保存有古代動(dòng)、植物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化石。各類動(dòng)、植物化石出現(xiàn)的早晚是有一定順序的，越是低等的，出現(xiàn)得越早，越是高等的，出現(xiàn)得越晚。絕對(duì)年齡是根據(jù)測(cè)出巖石中某種放射性元素及其蛻變產(chǎn)物的含量而計(jì)算出巖石的生成后距今的實(shí)際年 數(shù)。越是老的巖石，地層距今的年數(shù)越長(zhǎng)。
人教部編版語文八年級(jí)上冊(cè)蟬教案
魯迅曾把《昆蟲記》稱為“講昆蟲的故事”“講昆蟲生活”的楷模。魯迅說：“他的著作還有兩種缺點(diǎn)：一是嗤笑解剖學(xué)家，二是用人類道德于昆蟲界?！敝茏魅苏f：“法布爾的書中所講的是昆蟲的生活，但我們讀了卻覺得比看那些無聊的小說戲劇更有趣味，更有意義。”巴金說：“《昆蟲記》融作者畢生的研究成果和人生感悟于一爐，以人性觀照蟲性，將昆蟲世界化作供人類獲取知識(shí)、趣味、美感和思想的美文?！眰鹘y(tǒng)文化玉蟬：蟬意喻人生蟬在古人的心目中地位很高，向來被視為純潔、清高、通靈的象征。玉蟬究其用途，大體可分為四種：一是佩蟬，是專門佩戴在人身上以作裝飾和避邪用，示高潔；一種為冠蟬，是作為飾物綴于帽子上的，表示高貴；一種是琀蟬，以蟬的羽化比喻人能重生，寓指精神不死，再生復(fù)活；還有一種是鎮(zhèn)蟬，做鎮(zhèn)紙用的文房用品，多出現(xiàn)在明代以后，前三種蟬屬于高古玉，主要產(chǎn)生在商周至戰(zhàn)漢時(shí)期。
人教部編版七年級(jí)語文上冊(cè)春教案
本文具有很強(qiáng)的畫面感，凸顯出繪畫美，雖是散文，卻滿貯詩意，正是文中有畫，畫中有詩。作者從色澤、層次和動(dòng)態(tài)上向人們展示了一幅栩栩如生的春景圖。作者筆下的春景圖色澤鮮艷，不僅有象征希望的“嫩嫩的，綠綠的”小草，還有“紅的像火，粉的像霞，白的像雪”的繁花，也有溫暖的“紅紅的”太陽的臉和“黃暈的”燈光，這些色彩描繪出了一個(gè)生機(jī)勃勃而又安靜祥和的春天。在描寫春景的時(shí)候，作者還通過有層次感的描寫使景物意蘊(yùn)悠長(zhǎng)，例如對(duì)春雨的描寫是從“人家屋頂上”到“小路上”“石橋邊”再到“地里”，從遠(yuǎn)至近，層次分明。另外，朱自清使用精妙的語言向讀者展示了動(dòng)態(tài)（生機(jī)）美，在他筆下，花是“趕趟兒”的，蜜蜂是“鬧著”的，氣味兒是“醞釀”的，一切都是“生長(zhǎng)著”的，洋溢著盎然的生機(jī)。作者從總體上描繪春景，大地回春、萬物復(fù)蘇的景象就活生生地展現(xiàn)在了讀者眼前。
人教部編版七年級(jí)語文上冊(cè)狼教案
（學(xué)生交流，教師引導(dǎo)，總結(jié)方法）（1）方法1：主謂之間要停頓?！臼纠恳焕?得骨/止；其一/犬坐于前。（2）方法2 ：謂語與賓語之間要停頓?！臼纠款?野有麥場(chǎng)；乃悟/前狼/假寐 。（3）方法3：連詞前面可以停頓?！臼纠亢罄侵?而前狼又至；意將/隧入/以攻其后也。（4）方法4 ：發(fā)語詞后面要停頓?！臼纠可w/以誘敵。（全班齊讀課文，讀順文章）師小結(jié)：理解文意，固然可以運(yùn)用停頓技巧，但最重要的方法是弄懂字詞大意、文句意思。理解了文意，才能讀準(zhǔn)句讀，有利于我們讀順文章。【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)旨在通過學(xué)習(xí)互助的方式，調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情，充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性和主動(dòng)性，進(jìn)而理解文意，讀順文章。教師及時(shí)點(diǎn)撥，適時(shí)歸納文言釋詞方法、句式和停頓劃分小技巧，實(shí)現(xiàn)知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)與技能掌握的統(tǒng)一。四、細(xì)讀課文，讀懂內(nèi)容1.概括文章情節(jié)文章講述了屠戶殺狼的故事。按照事件的發(fā)展，情節(jié)一般可以分為開端（發(fā)生）、發(fā)展、高潮和結(jié)局。請(qǐng)同學(xué)們細(xì)讀課文后，用詞語概括這個(gè)故事的發(fā)展經(jīng)過。（生交流后，師明確）