2.在操作活動中,努力學(xué)會獨立完成制作正方體的任務(wù)?! ?3.體驗參與數(shù)學(xué)活動的快樂?! 』顒訙蕚洌骸 ?教具:正方體 正方形學(xué)具:《幼兒用書》各種長方體及正方體的物品 活動過程: 一、初步認識正方體 師:老師這有一個大魔方,請你看一看它是什么形狀的? 幼:正方形(正方體)教師把正方形和正方體進行比較?! ?(1)師:請你看一看這個魔方的面是什么形狀的?(正方形),所有的面都是正方形嗎?
活動準備: 1、經(jīng)驗準備:幼兒有看圖列組成式的經(jīng)驗,學(xué)習(xí)過6以內(nèi)各數(shù)的加減和7的組成?! ?2、物質(zhì)準備: , ——教具:圖片一張(上面畫7只猴子,其中1只小猴,6只大猴;2只猴子在樹上,5只猴子在草地上;3只猴子在吃香蕉,4只在吃蘋果。) ——學(xué)具:《幼兒用書》(P11、12、13頁),幼兒人手一支筆?;顒舆^程: 1、看猴子去。 ——教師:還記得《7只小猴去旅行》的故事嗎?小猴們旅行回來了,我們?nèi)タ纯此鼈儼??! ?——教師(出示圖片):小猴在哪里?它們都在干什么? ——請幼兒說一說每個小猴子的位置,以及它們正在做什么?如:1只小猴子,6只大猴子………
2.有參與活動的興趣,并愿意用語言講述?! ?活動準備: 1.玩具柜1-2個?! ?2.玩具若干(長毛絨玩具、汽車玩具、娃娃、積木等)或幼兒自帶的玩具若干?! ?活動過程: (一)引發(fā)幼兒活動興趣?! ?1.展示玩具,認識玩具?! ?教師:園長老師知道我們班小朋友特別喜歡玩玩具,今天給我們送來了許多玩具, 看看有些什么玩具?(請幼兒說出玩具名稱) 2.玩玩具,體驗快樂?! ?教師鼓勵幼兒分組自選玩具,自由地和玩?;蚝屯橐黄鹩押玫赝?。
2.通過匹配游戲,了解生活中一些物品的聯(lián)系,初步獲得相應(yīng)的經(jīng)驗?! ?3.體驗數(shù)學(xué)游戲活動的樂趣?! ?活動準備: 1.實物:熱水瓶、杯子、碗、勺子、鞋子、圍巾、手套、襪子、牙膏、牙刷等?! ?2.圖片:雨傘、雨鞋、菜刀、砧板等?! ?3.幼兒操作圖片 活動過程: 1.通過看實物展,引發(fā)幼兒參與活動的興趣?! ?(1) 教師帶領(lǐng)幼兒參觀實物展?! ?(2) 師:寶寶,今天 陸 老師帶來了很多東西,請你們來看一看,它們是什么?有什么用的? (3) 看完以后請寶寶說一說:你看到了什么?它是用來做什么的? 2.實物找朋友?! ?(1) 師:寶寶們真棒,都說出了他們的用途,現(xiàn)在要請寶寶給這些物品找朋友,你們愿意嗎?
活動準備: 魔術(shù)師的衣服、帽子各一件,三種圖形卡片各一張,頭飾各一個,不同表情的三種圖形卡通掛飾每人一個,三種圖形的彩色卡片若干(粘在“圖形媽媽”身上),三種圖形的標志牌各一個,戶外布置好“小商場”,三種不同形狀的實物若干?! 』顒舆^程:(一)以變魔術(shù)的游戲形式導(dǎo)入,激發(fā)幼兒興趣。 1、老師打扮成魔術(shù)師的樣子對孩子們說:“我是神奇的魔術(shù)師,我能變出很多很多的東西,看我變變變”。(邊說邊轉(zhuǎn)一圈,從袖子里拿出三角形)。 提問:(1)我變出了什么? (2)三角形有幾條邊?(伸出手點數(shù)) (3)你見過什么東西是三角形形狀的? 2、用同樣方法,從左兜里變出正方形,提問相似問題?! ?3、用同樣方法,從右兜里變出圓形,提問相似問題?! 。ǘ┻M行游戲:圖形娃娃找家 1、以魔術(shù)師的身份變出圖形娃娃,送給孩子們?! ?師:我的本領(lǐng)可大了,還能把你們變成圖形娃娃,看我變變變(從隱蔽的地方拿出卡通圖形娃娃掛飾,讓幼兒辨認形狀),你喜歡哪一個,就自取一個掛在脖子上,自己摸一摸,看一看你是什么形狀的娃娃?
【活動準備】 1、小兔手偶一個、魔術(shù)袋一個。 2、不同大小、不同顏色的圓形、三角形、正方形若干。 3、紙制小路(上面鏤刻不同形狀、不同大小、不同顏色的圖形)。 【活動過程】 1、創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,引起幼兒參與活動的興趣。 森林里,小兔的房子被大風(fēng)吹倒了,我們一起幫它造一座房子吧。 2、幫小兔造房子,復(fù)習(xí)幾何圖形。 引導(dǎo)幼兒從魔術(shù)袋里摸出不同圖形,并用摸出的幾何圖形給小兔造房子,復(fù)習(xí)圓形、三角形、正方形。
[活動準備] 1、圖片一幅、紙制小路(上面鏤刻不同形狀、不同大小的圖形) 2、小白兔頭飾一個,內(nèi)裝有形狀不同的幾何圖形多個的“魔術(shù)箱”一個 [教學(xué)過程] 一、以故事形式引出主題 1、講故事引起幼兒的興趣 師:小朋友,昨天小白兔打電話給老師,它對老師說:“昨天,森林里刮起了大風(fēng),把我的房子都給吹破了(嗚…)你能不能幫我造一間新房子呢?”于是,老師就連夜給小白兔造了一間新房子。小朋友,你們看,這新房子漂亮嗎? 2 、出示圖片,提問: 師:你們看,老師把房頂蓋成什么形狀的? ?。喝切? 師:房身呢? ?。赫叫? 師:門又是什么形狀呢? 小:圓形 引導(dǎo)幼兒說出三角形、正方形和圓形
2、初步培養(yǎng)觀察力和動手能力,萌發(fā)對科學(xué)活動的興趣。 3、養(yǎng)成自己整理鞋子的良好習(xí)慣?! ≈攸c:按鞋子的大小、顏色、款式等特點進行配對?! ?難點:尋找鞋底的秘密,特別是形狀:兩頭大中間向里凹,但兩只鞋子的朝向是相反的?!? 二、活動準備: 1、與幼兒人數(shù)相近的大小、顏色、款式各異的鞋子散落放在鞋架上,用布先遮起來,人手一張白紙。 2 、歡快的音樂一段?! ?3、半圓形的座位安排,中間留有空地,便于活動?! ∪⒒顒舆^程 (一)奇怪的鞋子 1、教師以故事的形式引出:娃娃家里的寶寶呀,特別愛漂亮,她每天都要換一雙新鞋子,所以她的鞋子特別多,最后,連她自己都分不清哪兩只是一雙了,有一天他穿了一雙很特別的鞋子,一只是大的紅鞋子,一只是小一點兒的花鞋子(教師邊講邊出示兩只鞋子),可是這一天,她非常不開心,你們知道她為什么不開心嗎?(幼兒猜測,引導(dǎo)幼兒發(fā)現(xiàn)兩只鞋子的不同) 2、教師小結(jié):兩只大小不同、形狀不同、顏色也不一樣的鞋子不是一雙,所以穿的人當(dāng)然就不舒服了。
【活動目標】 1、知道三角形的主要特征,即三角形由三條邊,三個角組成。 2、能找出生活中和三角形相似的物體。 3、樂意動手操作,提高觀察力和空間想象力。 【活動準備】 1、小白兔、蘿卜、蘑菇圖片各一個, 2、圖形組成的實物圖片4張。 3、孩子人手3個三角形。 【活動過程】 一、故事:小白兔過生日 今天是小白兔的生日,早晨小白兔高高興興的從家里出來,它要去采蘑菇,走著走著它看到一個大蘿卜,小白兔撿起大蘿卜繼續(xù)往前走,走到蘑菇地里采了一個大蘑菇高興的回家了。
論證方法之引證法如何用好引證法:1.所引用的名言警句等針對性要強。每句名言都產(chǎn)生于特定的背景,都應(yīng)用于特定的交際目的,即使談同一個問題,也有不少名言可供選取。2.要簡潔,不宜過多。議論是在發(fā)表自己的見解而不是在介紹他人的見解。引用他人的話,目的是為了讓讀者更加信服自己的話。3.要注意直接引用和間接引用的區(qū)別。直接引用務(wù)求文字、甚至標點均準確無誤;間接引用只須述其大意,但要注意人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換。論證方法之喻證法喻證法是用設(shè)喻來論證論點的方法。在議論文中,設(shè)喻可以使論點更易懂、更風(fēng)趣、更容易獲得讀者的認同。喻證法能化抽象為具體、化艱深為淺顯、化枯燥為生動。論證方法之喻證法如何用好喻證法:1.以小見大,就近取譬。要精選生活中細小的、人們熟悉的事物做為設(shè)喻的喻體。2.喻體不求形似,只求神似。做為喻證的喻體與做為比喻的喻體不同。比喻的喻體是為了強調(diào)特征,描繪事物,側(cè)重形似,以形比形;而喻證的喻體是為了闡發(fā)觀點,以正視聽,力求神似,以義取形。
1、變換角度,多向思維(多向思維要求思維能針對問題,從不同角度,用多種方法去思考問題。對于作文而言,就是要使學(xué)生學(xué)會對同一問題,同一素材,同一題目,同一體裁的不同進行區(qū)分。)請學(xué)生從這則材料中分析出幾個角度,準備課堂交流:19世紀法國著名科幻小說家儒勒?凡爾納,一生寫了104部科幻小說。當(dāng)初他的第一部科幻小說《氣球上的星期五》接連被15家出版社退回。他當(dāng)時既痛苦又氣憤,打算將稿子付之一炬。他妻子奪過書稿,給他以鼓勵。于是他嘗試著走進第16家出版社。經(jīng)理赫哲爾閱讀后,當(dāng)即表示同意出版,還與儒勒?凡爾納簽訂了為期20年的寫作出版合同。這則材料敘述時沒有一定的中心,屬于開發(fā)性材料,分析材料中人物、人物關(guān)系、故事的不同側(cè)面,可以從不同角度得出結(jié)論:
教學(xué)目標:1、了解文學(xué)作品解讀的個性化及其原因。2、探討個性化解讀遵循的基本原則,合理解讀文學(xué)作品。教學(xué)重點:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注文學(xué)現(xiàn)象,培養(yǎng)他們對文學(xué)作品理解的多重思維能力。教學(xué)難點:把握個性化的度。避免偏激的理解、過度的張揚所謂個性,嚴重歪曲文學(xué)作品。教學(xué)方法:導(dǎo)讀、計論、合作探究。教學(xué)時間:一課時教學(xué)過程:一、創(chuàng)設(shè)情境、揭題導(dǎo)入:記得有這樣一個故事:一個小孩在四歲就能背《登鸛雀樓》,可平時只有在大人的要求下,他才背出來。直到六歲的某一天,他父母帶他去旅游,在他登陸上山頂時,竟然隨口背出:“欲窮千里目,更上一層樓”來。這說明了什么?……(討論)文學(xué)作品解讀的個性化。二、探討個性化解讀的原因1、讀者的差異導(dǎo)致解讀的個性化A、同一作品,閱讀的時間不同,解讀不同。如上面的例子。如《從百草園到三味書屋》和《風(fēng)箏》主題的多元化理解?!皽毓手隆?,名作重讀,不但有趣,而且有益。B、同一作品,不同讀者,解讀不同。
方法點撥教師:有的同學(xué)敘述事實論據(jù)時,不突出重點和精華,不注意取舍,水分太多,有許多的敘述描寫,有時還有詳細的故事情節(jié),文章幾乎成了記敘文,使文章的論點無法得到充分的證明,這是寫議論文的大忌。那么:議論文中的記敘有哪些特點?同學(xué)各抒己見。投影顯示:1.議論中的記敘不是單純的寫人記事,記敘文字是為議論服務(wù)的,其目的是為作者所闡明的道理提供事實依據(jù)。所以,在記敘時要求簡潔、概括,舍棄其中的細節(jié),僅僅交代清楚事件或者人物的概貌即可,一般不在各種描寫手段上下功夫,只要把能證明觀點的那個部分、側(cè)面交代清楚就行了。2.議論文中的記敘性文字不得超過總字數(shù)的1/3,否則視為文體不當(dāng)。能力提升一、教師:了解了議論文中的記敘的特點,接下來我們看看今天的話題:“愛的奉獻”,你想從哪個角度立論?有哪些素材?
“志人小說”中的“志人”這個名稱,是魯迅從“志怪”推衍出來的?!爸救恕边@個名目,為魯迅《中國小說的歷史的變遷》所設(shè)立,與“志怪”相對而言?!吨袊≌f史略》又說:“記人間事者已甚古,列御寇韓非皆有錄載,惟其所以錄載者,列在用以喻道,韓在儲以論政。若為賞心而作,則實萌芽于魏而盛大于晉,雖不免追隨俗尚,或供揣摩,然要為遠實用而近娛樂矣。”這里提出的觀點很重要,即所謂志人小說,其寫作目的,雖仍有記錄史實、供人揣摩的考慮,但欣賞和娛樂的特點已經(jīng)很強。志人小說在數(shù)量上僅次于志怪小說,是在品藻人物的社會風(fēng)氣影響之下形成的。魏晉南北朝的志人小說的藝術(shù)特點有以下四個方面:一是以真人真事為描寫對象;二是以“叢殘小語”、尺幅短書為主要形式;三是善于運用典型細節(jié)描寫和對比襯托手法,突出刻畫人物某一方面的性格特征;四是語言簡練樸素,生動優(yōu)美,言約旨豐。這些藝術(shù)特點對后世小說產(chǎn)生了很大影響。
1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔(dān)任, 這就是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
1. 這個寓言是一個關(guān)于一位國王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個故事讓讀者對于社區(qū)的問題負有個人責(zé)任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個故事十分成功的實現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑體部分在句中作表語。2. 句1、2、3中的that在從句中不作成分,只起連接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你沒有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作業(yè)而受到懲罰。2.動詞ing形式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動詞ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”構(gòu)成。動詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)實際上是給動詞ing形式加了一個邏輯主語。動詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式:①形容詞性物主代詞+動詞ing②名詞所有格+動詞ing③代詞賓格+動詞ing④名詞+動詞ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她來幫忙鼓舞了我們所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.這個嬰兒被突然的關(guān)門聲吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做飯的樣子嗎?無生命名詞無論是作主語還是作賓語都不能用第②種形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.湯姆去年得了一等獎使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克現(xiàn)在離開嗎?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我沒能按時來。His father's being ill made him worried.他父親病了,他很擔(dān)心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我們盼望著這位歌手來給我們舉辦一場演唱會。