a.第127頁隨堂練習(xí)1第(1)題。b.一個多邊形的邊都相等,這是一個正多邊形嗎?c.一個多邊形的內(nèi)角都相等,這是一個正多邊形嗎?d.所以,一個相等,也都相等的多邊形才是。(此檢測主要是讓學(xué)說出多邊形和正多邊形的定義,因為是在三角形、四邊形的基礎(chǔ)上,定義是一致的,所以不深究。在教材的處理上,把正多邊形放在了前面,兩個較為簡單的概念放在一起,便于學(xué)生理解和掌握。)2.各組展示四邊形的內(nèi)角和的計算方法。3.各組展示五邊形的內(nèi)角和的計算方法。(由各組派代表上臺板演,其它組補充,真正讓學(xué)生動起來)4.各組選擇前面最優(yōu)的方法,口述六邊形、七邊形的內(nèi)角和的算法。(以此上,學(xué)生可以利用對比的方法,選擇作出過三角形的一個頂點的對角線的方法,讓學(xué)生探索發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律。)5.據(jù)此,你們認(rèn)為n邊形的內(nèi)角和應(yīng)該怎樣計算。(注意n的條件)五、當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練。
一、說教材《分式的加減法》是本冊教材第三章《分式》重要內(nèi)容,是進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)分式方程、反比例函數(shù)以及其它數(shù)學(xué)知識的基礎(chǔ),同時也是學(xué)習(xí)物理、化學(xué)等學(xué)科不可缺少的工具。與其它數(shù)學(xué)知識一樣,它在實際生活中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。學(xué)習(xí)分式的加減法并熟練地進(jìn)行運算是學(xué)好分式運算的關(guān)鍵,為學(xué)生綜合運用多種運算法則拓寬了空間,有利于學(xué)生對雙基的掌握,在綜合運用多種運算法則的過程中,逐漸形成運算能力。同時本節(jié)課的教學(xué)難度有所增加,學(xué)生通過觀察、類比、猜想、嘗試等一系列思維活動中,發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)則、理解規(guī)則、應(yīng)用規(guī)則??紤]到以上這些因素,確定本節(jié)課的目標(biāo)和重點、難點如下:(一)說教學(xué)目標(biāo):1.知識與技能目標(biāo):理解并掌握異分母分式加減法的法則;經(jīng)歷異分母分式的加減運算和通分的過程,訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的分式運算能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中轉(zhuǎn)化未知問題為已知問題的能力;進(jìn)一步通過實例發(fā)展學(xué)生的符號感。
注意:平行四邊形中對邊是指無公共點的邊,對角是指不相鄰的角,鄰邊是指有公共端點的邊,鄰角是指有一條公共邊的兩個角.而三角形對邊是指一個角的對邊,對角是指一條邊的對角.(教學(xué)時要結(jié)合圖形,讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識清楚)設(shè)計意圖:通過觀察圖片和回顧以前的知識,使學(xué)生由感性認(rèn)識上升到理性認(rèn)識。通過描述平行四邊形的特點和定義,也培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的語言表達(dá)能力。同時也滲透了一些由實際問題轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)學(xué)問題的“轉(zhuǎn)化”的數(shù)學(xué)思想。(三)、引導(dǎo)實驗探索新知【探究】平行四邊形是一種特殊的四邊形,它除具有四邊形的性質(zhì)和兩組對邊分別平行外,還有什么特殊的性質(zhì)呢?我們一起來探究一下.動手操作并思考:讓學(xué)生根據(jù)平行四邊形的定義畫一個一個平行四邊形,觀察這個四邊形,它除具有四邊形的性質(zhì)和兩組對邊分別平行外以,它的邊和角之間有什么關(guān)系?度量一下,是不是和你猜想的一致?
說明:8.2.1在表示范表演的點畫空心圓圈,表不包括這一點,表示大時就往右拐;圖8.2.2在表示-2的點畫黑點表示包括這一點,表示小時往左拐。3,講解補充例題,例1:判斷:①x=2是不等式4x<9的一個解.()②x=2是不等式4x<9的解集.()例2、將下列不等式的解集在數(shù)軸上表示出來:(1)x<2(2)x≥-2(設(shè)計意圖:例1是讓學(xué)生理解不等式的解與不等式的解集。聯(lián)系與區(qū)別,例2揭示不等式的解集與數(shù)軸上表示數(shù)的范圍的一種對應(yīng)關(guān)系,從而進(jìn)一步加深學(xué)生對不等式解集的理解,以使學(xué)生進(jìn)一步領(lǐng)會到數(shù)形結(jié)合的方法具有形象,直觀,易于說明問題的優(yōu)點)4.鞏固練習(xí):課本44頁練習(xí)2,3題5.歸納總結(jié),結(jié)合板書,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自我總結(jié),重點知識和學(xué)習(xí)方法,達(dá)到掌握重點,順理成章的目的。6.作業(yè):課本49頁習(xí)題1,2題
同學(xué)們在此之前是否有接觸過顏料色彩?利用顏料色彩我們可以混合調(diào)出新的色彩嗎?我們先進(jìn)行一個小游戲,只提供三種顏色:紅,藍(lán),綠,請三位學(xué)生上臺進(jìn)行調(diào)色,調(diào)色完后告訴大家自己發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么及是如何發(fā)現(xiàn),游戲結(jié)束后我們進(jìn)行交流與分享。游戲結(jié)束后進(jìn)入我們新課程:流動的顏色 。
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
四、說教法學(xué)法 1.教法:本課遵循教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體,訓(xùn)練為主線的原則,注意主體的參與,發(fā)展思維,培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)能力,以達(dá)到教學(xué)目標(biāo),使用的方法為:情境教學(xué)法、直觀演示法、合作探究法,品詞析句法、以讀帶講法,練習(xí)法,討論法,指導(dǎo)法等激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣,充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體作用,提高課堂教學(xué)效率。 2.學(xué)法:指導(dǎo)學(xué)生運用讀、思、劃、議、說,同桌互學(xué),小組合作等方法。五、說教學(xué)過程:(一)創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,導(dǎo)入新課。 同學(xué)們,當(dāng)你按動遙控器看電視的時候,當(dāng)你打開冰箱取飲料的時候,當(dāng)撥通電話與同學(xué)交談的時候,當(dāng)你登錄網(wǎng)站查閱資料的時候,你能感覺到什么?板書課題,理解課題。簡單介紹作者路甬祥及本文的寫作意圖。 設(shè)計依據(jù):創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,導(dǎo)入新課,一開始就抓住了學(xué)生的注意力,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和情感,自然引入課文。
一、說教材 《一只窩囊的大老虎》是統(tǒng)編教材小學(xué)語文四年級上冊第六單元的第19課,這是一篇精讀課文。作者葉至善回憶他童年時候,在一次班級演出時上臺扮演老虎的故事。課文內(nèi)容淺顯,但耐人尋味。按照課文的寫作順序,可以歸納為四部分:期盼參加演出,排練扮演老虎,飾老虎沒成功,尋找失敗根源。在講述怎樣演老虎時,故事中演“哥哥”的小朋友一直認(rèn)為扮老虎要有“豁虎跳”,而老師為鼓勵“我”認(rèn)為不一定要“豁虎跳”,二者的矛盾貫穿始終。最終“我”在正式演出時演砸,于是“我”尋求原因。有意思的是作者沒有直接道出原因,而是以“我至今還不明白”結(jié)尾,給學(xué)生留下思考的空間。二、說教學(xué)目標(biāo): 1.學(xué)習(xí)生字新詞。2.默讀課文,在不理解的地方作批注,和同學(xué)交流。
(3) 學(xué)生 民主評議 ,再由該位明星 把自己的名字 寫在相應(yīng)的星上 , 貼在圣誕樹上 。(4) 圣誕老人頒發(fā)明星 證書 ,送上小禮物 ,并送上新年寄 語。(5) 學(xué)生暢談 :你覺得這些小 明星的哪些地方最吸引你 ?你想怎 么 做,爭取在接下來的評比中能成功?2 總結(jié) :孩子們 ,能正確地認(rèn)識自 己和別人優(yōu)點,取長補短這是 人生最大的收獲 ,也是最有意義 的新年禮物?;顒铀模菏斋@哪里來一一感恩幫助過 自己的人l過渡 :看來 同學(xué)們收獲的新年禮物還真不少 。你們想過沒有, 這些收獲是怎 么來的?除 了 自己的努力,還有 哪些人幫助過你 嗎?2 學(xué)生互 動 :小組內(nèi)說一說幫助過自己的人和亭 ,寫在紙條上 , 放進(jìn)愛心信箱 。3. 即興發(fā)言:學(xué) 生從愛心信箱中隨意抽取愛心卡 ,讀一讀 ,分享 那些曾經(jīng) 給予他人幫助過的人和事。4. 小結(jié) :讓我們把這個愛心信箱留在班級 ,每一次得到他人的幫 助,都可以記錄下來 ,投進(jìn)信箱 ,讓愛心充滿校園 ?;顒游?:愛的回報一一大家?guī)椭页砷L進(jìn) 步 ,我該如何回饋 ,用 行動感恩
一、說教材 這是安徒生的一篇童話故事,講述了五顆一起長大的豌豆,各自奔向自己理想的未來,其中一顆在一座小樓的窗臺裂縫里發(fā)芽、長葉、開花;給一位身體虛弱長期臥病在床的小姑娘帶來生機(jī),給她信心和勇氣,戰(zhàn)勝病魔的故事。二、說教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1.認(rèn)識生字,會寫正字,正確讀寫生詞。 2.了解小姑娘好起來的原因,體會小豌豆美好的心靈。3.敢于提出自己的疑問,根據(jù)不同目的提出不同方面問題。 4.感受小豌豆、在長葉、爬藤、開花的生長過程中給生病的小姑娘帶來的無限愉快和生三、說教學(xué)重難點1.了解小姑娘好起來的原因,體會小豌豆美好的心靈是重點。2.敢于提出自己的疑問,根據(jù)不同目的提出不同方面問題是難點。四、說教學(xué)方法: 學(xué)會在閱讀中提出問題,解決問題,養(yǎng)成邊讀邊思的好習(xí)慣。
二、教學(xué)目標(biāo) <一>、知識目標(biāo): 1、能說出人類與現(xiàn)代類人猿共同起源于森林古猿。 2、知道人類是由于環(huán)境的變化,在與自然環(huán)境的艱苦斗爭過程中逐漸進(jìn)化來的。 3、概述人類在起源和發(fā)展過程中自身形態(tài)、使用工具等方面的變化。 <二>、能力目標(biāo): 1、通過指導(dǎo)學(xué)生課前收集有關(guān)人類的起源和進(jìn)化的資料等,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生收集資料、獲取信息的能力。 2、通過對人類的起源和進(jìn)化的探究,打開學(xué)生思路,培養(yǎng)他們的觀察能力、想象能力、分析能力、比較問題能力及口頭表達(dá)能力。
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑體部分在句中作表語。2. 句1、2、3中的that在從句中不作成分,只起連接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
當(dāng)孩子們由父母陪同時,他們才被允許進(jìn)入這個運動場。3.過去分詞(短語)作狀語時的幾種特殊情況(1)過去分詞(短語)在句中作時間、條件、原因、讓步狀語時,相當(dāng)于對應(yīng)的時間、條件、原因及讓步狀語從句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.從山頂上看,整個城市看起來更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多給十分鐘,我們會完美地完成這項工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的話深深地感動,她滿眼淚花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.盡管被警告了風(fēng)暴的到來,但農(nóng)民們?nèi)栽谵r(nóng)場干活。(2)過去分詞(短語)在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語時,可改為句子的并列謂語或改為并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟著兩個學(xué)生,老師走進(jìn)了房間。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母親陪著度過了一整個下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.報紙報道說有一百多人在暴風(fēng)雨中喪生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語是一般過去時,以及by、before后面接過去的時間時,主句動作發(fā)生在從句的動作或過去的時間之前且表示被動時,要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10歲前就已經(jīng)被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生產(chǎn)了好幾噸大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時,要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 這是我一年半以來第一次親眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虛擬語氣中,條件句表示與過去事實相反,且主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時,要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一點得到他的指示,我早就完成這項任務(wù)了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快點的話,我就不會誤了火車。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚會,你就會見到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你沒有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作業(yè)而受到懲罰。2.動詞ing形式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動詞ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”構(gòu)成。動詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)實際上是給動詞ing形式加了一個邏輯主語。動詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式:①形容詞性物主代詞+動詞ing②名詞所有格+動詞ing③代詞賓格+動詞ing④名詞+動詞ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她來幫忙鼓舞了我們所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.這個嬰兒被突然的關(guān)門聲吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做飯的樣子嗎?無生命名詞無論是作主語還是作賓語都不能用第②種形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.湯姆去年得了一等獎使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克現(xiàn)在離開嗎?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我沒能按時來。His father's being ill made him worried.他父親病了,他很擔(dān)心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我們盼望著這位歌手來給我們舉辦一場演唱會。
一、認(rèn)識說課的實質(zhì)說課是指教師以現(xiàn)代教育理念為指導(dǎo),在精心備課的基礎(chǔ)上,面對同行或教學(xué)研究人員,采用口頭語言或相關(guān)輔助手段,闡述某學(xué)科課程或某具體課程的教學(xué)設(shè)計及其依據(jù)的教學(xué)研究過程(李崇愛,孟應(yīng)周,2011)。簡單而言,說課就是教師對“教什么”、“怎么教”、“為什么這么教”等問題進(jìn)行闡述。這樣做的目的,一方面可以展現(xiàn)一個教師的教育理論修養(yǎng)、教學(xué)組織能力和口頭表達(dá)能力,另一方面可以幫助教師優(yōu)化教學(xué)設(shè)計,反思教學(xué)行為,分享教學(xué)經(jīng)驗。