This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點(diǎn),總結(jié)共同點(diǎn)。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
From the pictures in the text and the title--- choose the best app, we can know that this part is about how to save money by using apps.Step 2 While-listening1. Laura and Xiao Bo are talking about apps. Listen to their conversation and find out what apps they want.Xiao Bo is looking for a(n) exercise app to help him get in shape.Laura would like an app for getting rich and another that will make her grades better.2. Listen again. Are the sentences true T or false F?1). Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes._____2). Xiao Bo's second app can help him make a fitness plan._____3). Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.______4). Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account._______F T F T3. Listen once more and tick the sentence you hear. Underline the words used to express predictions, guesses, and beliefs.Predictions, Guesses, and Beliefs________It might help me walk more.________My guess is that it wouldn't work.________I imagine this app would help me get fit faster________I suppose that would be good.________I guess you could save a little with this app.________I suppose there would be some problems, too.________I believe this app could help me get thinner.
Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有禮貌, 你被攻擊的可能性就越小。 Step 8 Writing---the articleHow to stay safe in the online chat roomToday I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times--- how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences in the online chat room ? I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two.First of all, there’s the golden rule of the Internet: keep out of what makes you uneasy. Don’t post comments or click on anything. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give out too much private information like your address, phone numbers, the ID numbers, etc. Third, be polite. If you are polite to others on the Internet, you won’t be attacked in normal situation. Finally, don’t believe in others easily and never meet someone you met online alone. It is very dangerous.Have you had any bad experiences online, or do you have some good advice for staying safe? Post your comments below!Step 9 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer tell the reader what he/she know about the topic ?2. Are the tips and suggestions well organised ?3. Has the writer defined the new words ?4. Does the author include examples, comparison, or explanations ?5. Does the writer end by asking readers to leave comments and/or suggestions ?6. Can you find any grammar or spelling mistakes.Step 6 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過去分詞作定語時(shí)的意義1.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語,在語態(tài)上表示被動(dòng);在時(shí)間上,常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實(shí)驗(yàn),最后給了我們一個(gè)滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會(huì)上提出的計(jì)劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語,它不表示被動(dòng)意義,只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.
4. When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.P·P as adverbial: _________________________________________________________________.Function: _______________________________________________________________________.Step 5 Solid Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities. They never ever give up. When _____________(question) by the media, they are not _____________(discourage) and practise even harder. They are improving themselves by attending several master training class. They are united. _____________(fill with) team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory. Step 6 Difference and similarity from -ingObserve the following examples.1. He went out, shutting the door behind him.=He went out, ________________________________________________________.2. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.=__________________________________________, he went to his parents for help.Similarity: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Difference : _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Step Practice1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因?yàn)閷懙么颐? 這篇文章不是很好。2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔細(xì)讀書時(shí), 發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些從前不知道的東西。3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 當(dāng)被問及他為什么要這么做時(shí), 班長(zhǎng)說這是他的職責(zé)
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語和表語的功能和意義;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否在理解文段內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)上下文語境和表達(dá)邏輯,能正確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式描述節(jié)日慶典。3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否歸納和積累用于表達(dá)情緒的相關(guān)詞匯。
Activity 41. Students complete the task of activity 4, then teachers and students check the answers. 2. The teacher organized the students to work together and asked them to use the tables and mind maps sorted out before to retold the important choices in Lin Qiaozhi's life and their resultsStep 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the core words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences. 2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes. 3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better. Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text; 2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences. 3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan. 1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)總結(jié)林巧稚的人生原則和人格品質(zhì)特征;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否針對(duì)人生抉擇發(fā)表自己的看法;能否全面地、客觀地、理性地看待問題,進(jìn)而對(duì)道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的寫作邏輯;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否了解舊金山的城市風(fēng)貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亞州的歷史,體會(huì)多元文化對(duì)美國(guó)的影響。
(2)由題意可得-10x2+180x+400=1120,整理得x2-18x+72=0,解得x1=6,x2=12(舍去).所以,該產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量檔次為第6檔.方法總結(jié):解決此類問題的關(guān)鍵是要吃透題意,確定變量,建立函數(shù)模型.變式訓(xùn)練:見《學(xué)練優(yōu)》本課時(shí)練習(xí)“課后鞏固提升”第8題三、板書設(shè)計(jì)二次函數(shù)1.二次函數(shù)的概念2.從實(shí)際問題中抽象出二次函數(shù)解析式二次函數(shù)是一種常見的函數(shù),應(yīng)用非常廣泛,它是客觀地反映現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中變量之間的數(shù)量關(guān)系和變化規(guī)律的一種非常重要的數(shù)學(xué)模型.許多實(shí)際問題往往可以歸結(jié)為二次函數(shù)加以研究.本節(jié)課是學(xué)習(xí)二次函數(shù)的第一節(jié)課,通過實(shí)例引入二次函數(shù)的概念,并學(xué)習(xí)求一些簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)際問題中二次函數(shù)的解析式.在教學(xué)中要重視二次函數(shù)概念的形成和建構(gòu),在概念的學(xué)習(xí)過程中,讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)從問題出發(fā)到列二次函數(shù)解析式的過程,體驗(yàn)用函數(shù)思想去描述、研究變量之間變化規(guī)律的意義.
4.x的值是否可以任意取?如果不能任意取,請(qǐng)求出它的范圍,[x的值不能任意取,其范圍是0≤x≤2]5.若設(shè)該商品每天的利潤(rùn)為y元,求y與x的函數(shù)關(guān)系式。[y=(10-8-x) (100+100x)(0≤x≤2)]將函數(shù)關(guān)系式y(tǒng)=x(20-2x)(0 <x <10=化為:y=-2x2+20x (0<x<10)…(1)將函數(shù)關(guān)系式y(tǒng)=(10-8-x)(100+100x)(0≤x≤2)化為:y=-100x2+100x+20D (0≤x≤2)…(2)三、觀察;概括1.教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察函數(shù)關(guān)系式(1)和(2),提出問題讓學(xué)生思考回答;(1)函數(shù)關(guān)系式(1)和(2)的自變量各有幾個(gè)? (各有1個(gè))(2)多項(xiàng)式-2x2+20和-100x2+100x+200分別是幾次多項(xiàng)式?(分別是二次多項(xiàng)式)(3)函數(shù)關(guān)系式(1)和(2)有什么共同特點(diǎn)? (都是用自變量的二次多項(xiàng)式來表示的)(4)本章導(dǎo)圖中的問題以及P1頁的問題2有什么共同特點(diǎn)?讓學(xué)生討論、歸結(jié)為:自變量x為何值時(shí),函數(shù)y取得最大值。2.二次函數(shù)定義:形如y=ax2+bx+c (a、b、、c是常數(shù),a≠0)的函數(shù)叫做x的二次函數(shù), a叫做二次函數(shù)的系數(shù),b叫做一次項(xiàng)的系數(shù),c叫作常數(shù)項(xiàng).
甲方因生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)需要,經(jīng)考核,錄用乙方 (姓名)為 (工程名稱)工人,遵照國(guó)家有關(guān)勞動(dòng)法律法規(guī),經(jīng)雙方協(xié)商,簽訂本合同。 第一條 甲方錄用乙方從事 (工作名稱)。 第二條 勞動(dòng)合同期限從 年 月 日起至 年 月 日時(shí)止。其中試用期限為 個(gè)月,至 年 月 日止。
三、疏通課文,體會(huì)情感學(xué)生朗讀一至三節(jié),找出通假字,如“莫”;語助詞如“止”“曰”;古今異義詞如“啟”“居”。以及個(gè)別短語如“靡室靡家”“載饑載渴”的結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)合上《衛(wèi)風(fēng)·氓》中出現(xiàn)的相同或類似的結(jié)構(gòu)來理解。檢查學(xué)生的自學(xué)情況,抽查翻譯,糾正錯(cuò)誤。這三節(jié)都以采薇起筆,讓學(xué)生思考課文呢寫了薇菜生長(zhǎng)的哪幾種形態(tài),有什么作用?學(xué)生思考。這個(gè)問題不難,但學(xué)生回答可能不完整,只點(diǎn)到用于表達(dá)士卒思?xì)w之情的強(qiáng)烈。老師要補(bǔ)充,用薇菜的生長(zhǎng)來反映歸期的推移和不定期,思念之情更加沉重。同時(shí)在藝術(shù)手法上,同《衛(wèi)風(fēng)·氓》用“桑葉”來起興一樣,這里也是比興手法,引出下文。另外,戰(zhàn)士們靠野菜來充饑也反映了戰(zhàn)士們生活艱苦,興中有賦。
三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)《錦瑟》詩的地位作用以及學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況,還有在古詩詞教學(xué)方面課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相關(guān)要求,現(xiàn)確定以下“三維教學(xué)目標(biāo)”:(一)知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo):感受體悟古典詩歌的意境美,發(fā)揮合理的主觀能動(dòng)性進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新性的閱讀鑒賞,正確認(rèn)識(shí)意象在詩歌意境中的重要作用。并在上述的基礎(chǔ)上提高鑒賞能力和審美情操。(二)過程與方法目標(biāo):《錦瑟》詩的講解采用“引導(dǎo)與自我生成”的方法,從老師的引導(dǎo)開始,以學(xué)生的研討交流再加之教師的總結(jié)結(jié)束。利用教師引導(dǎo)和師生互動(dòng)刺激學(xué)生的領(lǐng)悟力,提高學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平與能力。(三)情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在尊重傳統(tǒng)文化的基礎(chǔ)上熱愛祖國(guó)自己文化的態(tài)度,讓學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)古典詩詞的精神美。最后在自我感悟中陶冶情操,明心啟智。
依照《新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的要求,結(jié)合教材和學(xué)生的特點(diǎn),從知識(shí)與技能、過程與方法、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀三方面制定以下教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、經(jīng)歷搭立體圖形的操作過程,體會(huì)必須根據(jù)立體圖形的正面、上面和側(cè)面(左面或右面)的形狀特征,才能確定所搭的立體圖形。結(jié)合搭立體圖形的活動(dòng),進(jìn)一步體驗(yàn)搭立體圖形某一面(如正面)的形狀,所搭的立體圖形是不唯一的。2、在搭立體圖形和觀察立體圖形的活動(dòng)中,逐步發(fā)展空間觀念以及觀察和操作能力。3、讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)數(shù)學(xué)和生活的密切聯(lián)系,培養(yǎng)同學(xué)之間合作的習(xí)慣。。三、說教法學(xué)法根據(jù)四年級(jí)學(xué)生心理、認(rèn)知規(guī)律等特點(diǎn),本節(jié)課準(zhǔn)備主要采用觀察法和動(dòng)手法進(jìn)行教學(xué)。注重從學(xué)生已有的經(jīng)驗(yàn)出發(fā),讓學(xué)生在問題情境中主動(dòng)地探究解決問題的方法,真正成為課堂的主人。
(二)說活動(dòng)目標(biāo):《幼兒園教育指導(dǎo)綱要》在語言領(lǐng)域中提出:“發(fā)展幼兒語言的關(guān)鍵是創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)能使他們想說、敢說、喜歡說、有機(jī)會(huì)說并能得到積極應(yīng)答的環(huán)境”以及要“鼓勵(lì)幼兒大膽、清楚地表達(dá)自己的想法和感受,發(fā)展幼兒語言表達(dá)能力和思維能力?!被顒?dòng)的目標(biāo)是教學(xué)活動(dòng)的起點(diǎn)和歸宿,對(duì)活動(dòng)起著導(dǎo)向作用。根據(jù)大班幼兒年齡特點(diǎn)及實(shí)際情況,確立了情感、認(rèn)知、能力方面的目標(biāo),其中既有獨(dú)立表達(dá)的成分,又有相互融合的一面。1、觀察與狐貍拔掉老虎牙齒有關(guān)的圖片,通過自主閱讀理解故事內(nèi)容。2、通過看一看,學(xué)一學(xué),說一說,演一演,理解狐貍和老虎的心理活動(dòng)。3、教育幼兒懂得接納自己、接納別人。有安靜傾聽的意識(shí),愿意參與閱讀活動(dòng)。為了更好地服務(wù)于本次的活動(dòng)目標(biāo),完成活動(dòng)內(nèi)容,我作了以下準(zhǔn)備:人手一本小圖書圖片大圖書二、說教法。教育心理學(xué)認(rèn)為“學(xué)習(xí)者同時(shí)開放多個(gè)感知通道,比只開放一個(gè)感知通道,能更準(zhǔn)確有效地掌握學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)象?!备鶕?jù)幼兒的學(xué)習(xí)情況,本次活動(dòng)我運(yùn)用了觀察法、提問法、表演法等教學(xué)方法。利用觀察法是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)年齡段的幼兒思維具有明顯的具體形象性特點(diǎn),屬于典型的具體形象性思維。從幼兒認(rèn)識(shí)事物的特點(diǎn)和語言本身特點(diǎn)來看,在幼兒園語言教育中貫徹直觀性原則非常重要。以看圖片的形式直接刺激幼兒的視聽器官,能使教學(xué)進(jìn)行得生動(dòng)活潑,激發(fā)幼兒學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。采用提問法是因?yàn)樘釂柲芤龑?dǎo)幼兒有目的地、仔細(xì)地觀察,啟發(fā)幼兒積極思維。我運(yùn)用啟發(fā)性提問讓幼兒將看到的具體形象的圖片用語言描述出來,是解決活動(dòng)重點(diǎn)的有效方法。提問法是語言活動(dòng)中都能用到的方法,通過提問觀察并回答,讓孩子更方便的理解故事的內(nèi)容。表演法讓幼兒在通過學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)話的同時(shí)演繹故事中不同角色的話,更容易的使幼兒理解不同形象的心理活動(dòng),方便孩子理解故事的發(fā)展情節(jié)以及故事的內(nèi)容。三、說學(xué)法。遵循幼兒學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律和幼兒的年齡特點(diǎn),在《綱要》新理念的指導(dǎo)下,整個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng),始終以幼兒為主體,變過去的“要我學(xué)”為現(xiàn)在的“我要學(xué)”。遵循由淺入深的教學(xué)原則,幼兒在看看、聽聽、想想、說說、玩玩的輕松氣氛中掌握活動(dòng)的重、難點(diǎn)。幼兒將運(yùn)用觀察法、表演法等。觀察法是幼兒通過視、聽覺感官積極參與活動(dòng),幼兒通過觀察圖片直接獲得印象。表演法是幼兒在學(xué)習(xí)中理解故事形象的心理變化,是幼兒練習(xí)說話的好機(jī)會(huì)。