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人教版新課標小學數(shù)學四年級上冊口算乘法說課稿2篇
2、創(chuàng)設學生熟悉的生活情境，探究新知首先，我讓學生說一說教材45頁的情境圖，反映的是什么內容？誰來讀一讀6副圖的信息，讓學生觀察，使學生初步理解“速度”的含義。接著讓學生說一說自己了解的其他交通工具的速度。讓學生說你是怎樣讀速度的，接下來點播速度的寫法。為以后的速度、時間、路程三者的關系打下基礎。3、自主探究，學習新知教師提供信息：，人騎自行車1小時大約可以行16千米，3小時可以行多少千米？讓學生根據(jù)這個信息列出算式，再要求學生用自己已有的知識經驗獨立口算，交流算法得出計算結果。為了檢查學生掌握的情況和語言的表達能力我出示以下4個小題。18×4=、24×3=、25×2=、14×6=4、交流匯報，建構知識由學生匯報不同的算法過程，引導學生對比不同算法的特點，確定最優(yōu)化的算法。
人教版新課標小學數(shù)學四年級上冊田忌賽馬說課稿2篇
（四）深入探究，重新審視對策問題解決問題不是學習的最終目的，讓學生不斷體驗對策的價值才是關鍵所在。對策的價值在哪里？設計對策的關鍵是什么？把問題拋給學生去思考，一方面讓學生再次感受正確對策達到“以小打大”、“以弱勝強”妙處，更重要的是讓學生明確設計對策的關鍵前提是什么？即“知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆”的數(shù)學思想，以便根據(jù)對手的變化靈活運用對策。教學步驟設計：1、學生探討，如果齊王的下等馬都比田忌的上等馬快，田忌還有獲勝的可能嗎？2、田忌賽馬第二次獲勝的前提是什么？（田忌猜測道齊王安排賽馬的出場順序還和第一次一樣）3、如果齊王安排賽馬的出場順序改變了，田忌該怎樣才能獲得勝利？（找兩位同學分角色演示一下）4、回憶課前時候，老師為什么會在紙牌游戲“比大小中”屢戰(zhàn)屢勝。
人教版新課標小學數(shù)學四年級上冊億以內數(shù)的認識說課稿2篇
二、數(shù)數(shù)活動，認識“十萬”。1、用多媒體出示課本第2頁第一幅圖，讓學生看圖數(shù)一數(shù)共有多少個?再讓學生在計數(shù)器上撥一撥，并寫出這個數(shù)。（說明：第一個數(shù)一數(shù)活動是使學生回顧萬以內數(shù)的認識，引出“個”“十”“百”“千”的數(shù)學模型小方塊和計數(shù)器。）2、用多媒體出示第二幅圖，（學生：哇，好多?。。煟耗隳軘?shù)一數(shù)一共有多少個嗎？（大部分學生會感到困難）3、運用第一個數(shù)數(shù)活動中：一個大正方體是“一千”的數(shù)學模型，指導學生用100張“一千”的卡片來代替擺一擺、數(shù)一數(shù)。4、全班交流，逐步引導出先數(shù)出一萬，然后一萬一萬來數(shù)的方法。（說明：在課堂教學中不可能直接讓學生數(shù)這么多的小方塊，所以我讓學生制作了100張“一千”的卡片代替來完成這第二個數(shù)一數(shù)活動，從而讓學生有了“10個一萬是十萬”的直觀體驗?。?/p>
人教版新課標小學數(shù)學六年級上冊分數(shù)乘法應用題說課稿2篇
1．本課修訂版教材和未修訂時的教材沒有變化。教材首先是復習文字題：求一個數(shù)的幾分之幾是多少；然后教學例1：“學校買來100千克白菜，吃了 ，吃了多少千克白菜?”這道例題本身和學生聯(lián)系不緊密，題材無新意，無情趣，課后有些習題又沒有緊密結合生活實際，如第16頁第7題：指出下面每組中的兩個數(shù)，應把誰看作單位“1”？①乙是甲 。②乙的 相當于甲。這樣教材本身就難以激發(fā)學生的學習興趣，更談不上給學生一種自主學習的氛圍。面對這種現(xiàn)狀，我們教師就應緊緊結合《數(shù)學課程標準》，靈活地、創(chuàng)造性地使用教材，體現(xiàn)新課程理念。2．課改的基本理念是：要關注學生、關注過程、關注發(fā)展。這節(jié)課我是打破了傳統(tǒng)的教學方式，緊密結合新課程理念精心設計的。課上學生的反應與以往大不相同。首先在課前問題情境部分，學生的反應就讓我驚喜，在學生自己的見解中，居然發(fā)現(xiàn)了地球吸引力和月球吸引力之間的關系，這是學生創(chuàng)新能力的真實表現(xiàn)。
人教版新課標小學數(shù)學六年級上冊分數(shù)除法應用題說課稿2篇
第三層次：嘗試練習讓學生獨立完成教材117頁的第3題，個別學生板演，教師在學生完成后集體點評，強調學習的難點。第三個環(huán)節(jié)：變式練習，鞏固深化練習的設計要抓基礎知識與發(fā)展創(chuàng)新能力緊密結合起來，以達到發(fā)展思維，形成技能的目標。在此環(huán)節(jié)我設計了如下練習：1、定位練習。仿照例3出示類似的兩道應用題，要求學生讀題，畫圖，深入理解題里的數(shù)量關系，列出數(shù)量關系式。強化難點，形成技能。2、提高題：同來互相編題，互相解答。通過以上練習，促使學生將新的知識溶入到已有認知結構中，以利于更好的遷移和運用。第四個環(huán)節(jié)課堂作業(yè)反饋信息完成課本練習二十三第4-7題（三）說“誘思探究”在本節(jié)課的具體體現(xiàn)1、以學生為主體，教學中多次引導學生嘗試練習，引導學生把舊知與新知進行對比；引導學生自主探索，親身體驗，切實把學生推向學習探索的第一線。體現(xiàn)了“誘思探究”對當代課堂教學的要求。
人教版新課標小學數(shù)學六年級上冊一個數(shù)除以分數(shù)說課稿2篇
教學難點：理解整數(shù)除以分數(shù)的計算方法；二、說教法和學法為了突出重點，分散難點，讓學生積極主動地參與到知識形成的過程中來。教學中采用分步探究，分步實施的原則。把整數(shù)除以分數(shù)的計算方法分兩步進行探究。1.整數(shù)除以幾分之一的計算方法；2.整數(shù)除以幾分之幾的計算方法；這樣做，可以使學生通過自己的努力，小組合作交流，發(fā)現(xiàn)整數(shù)除以分數(shù)的計算方法。數(shù)學教學不僅是讓學生獲得數(shù)學的基礎知識，還要教給學生學習知識的方法。培養(yǎng)學生的能力，發(fā)展學生的智力。教學中，讓學生觀察，分析，討論引導學生尋找方法。再通過發(fā)現(xiàn)總結運用法則鞏固知識內容。通過調動學生的積極性，不僅使學生學會了，而且會學了，會用了。從而也形成了一套良好學習方法，增強能力發(fā)展智力。
人教版新課標小學數(shù)學六年級上冊確定起跑線說課稿2篇
3、整理數(shù)據(jù)，確定思路。在此認知基礎上，緊接著引申出進一步研究的問題“各條跑道的起跑線應該相差多少米？”這個問題很難通過觀察得到，需要學生收集相關數(shù)據(jù)，具體分析起跑線的位置與什么有關。使學生在匯報的過程中自然的發(fā)現(xiàn)：要確定跑道的起跑線，只要算出每相鄰兩條跑道的長度差就可以了。有的學生說，由于跑道的直道長度是相同的，所以算出彎道的長度差就可以了。在這里，教師或學生還可就圖片說明半圓形跑道的直徑是如何規(guī)定的，也就是里圓的直徑加上兩個跑道的寬度，以及跑道線的寬在這里忽略不計等問題向其它學生作一具體說明。在些環(huán)節(jié)，讓學生進行觀察，讓他們自己發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律，培養(yǎng)他們抽象概括能力和語言表達能力，在這個環(huán)節(jié)中教師要靈活的駕駑課堂,及時的抓住課堂中新生成的問題,使問題得以提升,把課堂推向了高潮．
人教版新課標小學數(shù)學六年級上冊圓的認識說課稿2篇
學生的學習活動是一個生動活潑而富有個性的過程，為了把學生探索的陣地從課堂延伸到課外，引導學生主動地應用所學的知識和方法解決實際問題。我又設計了以下練習題：1、腦筋樂園：學校田徑運動會即將舉行，你有辦法幫學校在操場上畫出一個半徑為50米的圓嗎？2、（1）應用圓的知識解釋下列現(xiàn)象，并寫出來。為什么井蓋也得做成圓形的？人們在圍觀的時，為什么會自然地圍成圓形？（2）搜集有關圓的資料。貼到教室的數(shù)學角上，大家共享。3、畫出各種大小、不同顏色的圓，組合出一幅美麗的圖畫。（設計意圖）將學生探索的陣地從課堂延伸到課外，引導學生主動地應用所學知識和方法解決實際問題。（我認為把本句提前，這里刪去，這樣顯得更連貫）（五）全課總結1、讓學生談收獲，進行自我評價。2、我對整節(jié)課進行知識要點歸納和對學生學習情況進行評價。（這樣總結，我注重學生的自我評價，自我體驗和個性發(fā)展。即學生情感的體驗和收獲）（我認為藍色字那句可刪去）
人教版新課標小學數(shù)學四年級上冊烙餅問題說課稿2篇
1、基礎題：媽媽煎魚，一次鍋里最多能煎3條魚，每煎一面要4分鐘，怎樣才能最快煎魚完9條魚？（學生獨立練習，指明一個學生板書，并說說解答的思路過程）2、提高題：在上題的基礎上，把問題改成：怎樣才能最快煎魚完8條魚？（學生發(fā)現(xiàn)總共16個面，16除以3等于5次還余1個面，那怎么辦呢？可讓學生討論交流，余下的一個面還要煎一次，也就是5+1=6次，再用6乘4得到最快要24分鐘。）當次數(shù)出現(xiàn)有余數(shù)時，我們采用進一法再加一次，公式還是成立。3、拓展題：那么怎樣才能最快煎好15條？47條？100條魚呢？[設計意圖]經練習中鞏固和驗證了總結的規(guī)律，在練習的不同層次上滿足了不同學生的學習需求，同時讓學生感受到了數(shù)學與生活的密切聯(lián)系，提高了學生解決實際問題的能力。四、歸納總結，提出希望。今天的這節(jié)課同學們有什么收獲啊？生活中處處都有數(shù)學，只要同學們有一雙善于觀察和發(fā)現(xiàn)的眼睛，積極動腦思考，你一定會有收獲。
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Discovering Useful Structure教學設計
1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意：非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔任, 這就是獨立主格結構。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教學設計
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角）left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Reading for Writing教學設計
1. 這個寓言是一個關于一位國王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個故事讓讀者對于社區(qū)的問題負有個人責任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個故事十分成功的實現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Reading and thinking教學設計
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Reading and Thinking教學設計
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Discovering useful structures教學設計
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑體部分在句中作表語。2. 句1、2、3中的that在從句中不作成分，只起連接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教學設計
當孩子們由父母陪同時，他們才被允許進入這個運動場。3．過去分詞(短語)作狀語時的幾種特殊情況(1)過去分詞(短語)在句中作時間、條件、原因、讓步狀語時，相當于對應的時間、條件、原因及讓步狀語從句。Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.從山頂上看，整個城市看起來更美了。Given ten more minutes (＝If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多給十分鐘，我們會完美地完成這項工作。Greatly touched by his words (＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的話深深地感動，她滿眼淚花。Warned of the storm (＝Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.盡管被警告了風暴的到來，但農民們仍在農場干活。(2)過去分詞(短語)在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語時，可改為句子的并列謂語或改為并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (＝and was followed by two students)．后面跟著兩個學生，老師走進了房間。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(＝and was accompanied by his mom)．他由母親陪著度過了一整個下午。
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Learning about Language教學設計
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys： 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Reading and thinking教學設計
Step 5： After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Using langauge教學設計
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
新人教版高中英語選修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Discovering useful structures教學設計
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.報紙報道說有一百多人在暴風雨中喪生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引導的時間狀語從句的謂語是一般過去時，以及by、before后面接過去的時間時，主句動作發(fā)生在從句的動作或過去的時間之前且表示被動時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10歲前就已經被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生產了好幾噸大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引導的定語從句中，主語與謂語構成被動關系時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 這是我一年半以來第一次親眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虛擬語氣中，條件句表示與過去事實相反，且主語與謂語構成被動關系時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一點得到他的指示，我早就完成這項任務了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快點的話，我就不會誤了火車。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚會，你就會見到他的。