3、拓展延伸,啟迪心智,創(chuàng)設課堂訓練營。三、說學法1、紙上得來終覺淺,圈點、勾畫、批注法,學好文言基本功。2、自主合作加探究,眼耳口腦手并用,破疑解難在其中。四、說課時安排《鴻門宴》篇幅較長,文言知識較豐富,文章內涵豐厚,因此我設計用五課時教學本文。第一課時:了解作家作品,積累文言知識,感受作者隱忍發(fā)憤的著書精神(初讀)第二課時:理清故事情節(jié),概括人物形象,學習客觀地評論歷史人物,(熟讀)第三課時:進一步梳理文言知識,精讀課文,要求讀透。(精讀)第四課時:通過對人物、事件的賞析,加深學生對人物的理解,鍛煉學生的開放性思維,由學生自主認識到人物的性格,悲劇的原因等問題。(賞讀)第五課時:補充課本教學內容:同學生一起閱讀古今關于劉邦項羽的一些篇章:讓學生投入進來,把握自己眼中的項羽。(展讀)在文言文學習的過程中,采取五步學習法:初讀-熟讀-精讀-賞讀-展讀(板書)
一.教材理解教材地位與作用:本單元“閱讀與鑒賞”部分,本單元要求學生能在了解詩歌創(chuàng)作的時代背景的情況下通過反復誦讀詩歌,把握其中豐富的意象,領悟詩歌獨特的意境和詩人所要表達的情感?!队晗铩肥乾F(xiàn)代派大師戴望舒的成名作和前期的代表作,他曾因此而贏得了“雨巷詩人”的雅號。本單元以《雨巷》為例子給學生展示了象征主義詩歌的特點,《雨巷》運用了象征性的抒情手法。詩中那狹窄陰沉的雨巷,在雨巷中徘徊的獨行者,以及那個像丁香一樣結著愁怨的姑娘,都是象征性的意象。這些意象又共同構成了一種象征性的意境,含蓄地暗示出作者即迷惘感傷又有期待的情懷,并給人一種朦朧而又幽深的美感。富于音樂性是《雨巷》的另一個突出的藝術特色。詩中運用了復沓、疊句、重唱等手法,造成了回環(huán)往復的旋律和宛轉悅耳的樂感。因此我把本課的教學重點和難點確定為:教學重點:通過反復誦讀,領略詩歌的音樂美以及分析其成因教學難點:分析意象以及其象征意義初步掌握鑒賞詩歌的方法
說教材A.教材簡析《琵琶行(并序)》是人教版《普通高中課程標準實驗教科書語文》必修3第二單元的一篇講讀課文。本單元學習的是唐代詩歌,共七首詩。《琵琶行(并序)》是唐代著名現(xiàn)實主義詩人白居易寫的一首歌行體長篇敘事詩,是我國古代敘事詩和音樂詩中的“千古絕喝”。詩歌主題鮮明、人物形象生動,抒情真切細膩,具有深刻的思想內容和卓越的藝術技巧。B.教學目標《全日制普通高中高級中學語文教學大綱》明確要求我們:在閱讀教學過程中要引導學生“感受文學形象,品味文學作品的語言和藝術技巧,初步鑒賞文學作品”。而本單元的教學要求是培養(yǎng)學生詩歌鑒賞的能力。根據(jù)教學大綱和單元教學要求,結合本課特點,我制定本課的教學目標是:1.知識目標:了解文學常識;積累重點文言實詞;品味主旨句“同是天涯淪落人,相逢何必曾相識”的內涵;感知作者把音樂描寫與聽者、演奏者的感情融為一體的寫作特點。
(1)“問君西游何時還……使人聽此凋朱顏?!痹婎}下未注明送何人入蜀,所以這里的“問君”無妨假定實有其人,可以讀得親切一些。將行而問“何時還”,已有不可行之意,重音要落在“不可攀”三字上,當用勸說的語氣讀。以下四句借鳥聲渲染旅途中悲涼凄清的氛圍,讀時要放低聲調,有干里孤身之感,至“愁空山”徐徐而上。然后用感喟的語調讀主旨句,至“凋朱顏”略作一頓,以示意猶未盡。(2)“連峰去天不盈尺……胡為乎來哉!”仍是說不可行,但內容加深了一層,因為說的是蜀道的險惡。前四句不是純客觀的描寫,讀時須設想這是旅游者攀援于“連峰”“絕壁”之上置身于“飛湍瀑流”之間,要使聽者感到驚心動魄。讀后可作稍長停頓,再用“其險也如此”緩緩收住。末句是詩人借用蜀人的口氣,對歷險而來的游者深表嘆息——“胡為乎來哉”不是詢問,當用降調讀,暗含“何苦而來”之意。
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
[教學反思]人教版高中語文必修二第三單元安排了《蘭亭集序》《赤壁賦》《游褒禪山記》三篇古代山水游記散文,它們借游賞之事,探索生命的意義、治學的道理。師者,所以傳道、授業(yè)、解惑也。高中的教材選用的都是歷史經(jīng)典名篇,每一篇都閃爍著儒道釋等百家光輝的思想。編者要老師傳道的意圖很明顯。即非如此,看著這些影響歷代、影響世界的如日月之耀眼光華的偉大思想就躺在我們的教科書里,又如何能不講呢?所以,我將本課的教學重難點擬定為:幫助學生建立積極的生死觀,掌握多角度看問題的正確的思想方法。當然,也讓學生領會了融寫景、抒情、說理于一爐的大家手法。整堂課各教學環(huán)節(jié),環(huán)環(huán)相扣,過渡自然,讀、思、議、寫訓練到位,而且全部圍繞“生死觀”展開,如一篇形散神不散的散文。
學法指導:高一學生對文言文閱讀已具備了一些基礎知識和積累,但對如何學習文言文,還是一個新課題,因此教師應引導學生掌握學習方法,運用已有的知識框架同化新信息,建立新的智能,逐步走向獨立學習的境界。一、引導學生利用課文注釋,使用工具書自己翻譯,必要時教師進行點撥、解難,培養(yǎng)自學能力。二、告訴學生翻譯文言文要遵循的原則。三、調動學生思考、討論、交流的積極性,教師適時點撥,培養(yǎng)學生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、解決問題的能力。四、提示學生反復誦讀課文,體會文章所闡述的道理。五、鼓勵學生及時歸納學習文言文的方法,注意積累文言文知識。教學程序:教學本課可安排2課時。第一課時:1、導入新課:首先給學生介紹毛澤東的七絕詩《為李進同志題所攝廬山仙人洞照》:“暮色蒼茫看勁松,亂云飛渡仍從容。天生一個仙人洞,無限風光在險峰?!睂W生通過誦讀領會了“無限風光在險峰”一句的含義。隨后因勢利導,引出課題,指出今天我們要學習的王安石的《游褒禪山記》,就含有類似的深邃哲理。
【教學目標】我設置的本課的教學目標有三個:1、知識與技能(1)了解曹雪芹及《紅樓夢》(2)學習通過一個人物的行蹤、所見所聞,介紹典型環(huán)境,認識封建貴族階級豪奢極恥的生活以及森嚴的等級、禮儀制度(3)分析小說人物出場的描寫藝術,培養(yǎng)學生分析小說人物形象的能力。(4)一葉落而知秋”,通過對“林黛玉進賈府”這一故事情節(jié)的把握是否能引發(fā)對《紅樓夢》的認知興趣,并找到一個突破口,有針對性地進行自主探究,進而進行個性化解讀。(5)整體認知小說,認識小說悲劇的必然性和思想價值.2、過程與方法(1)用直觀演示和歸納探究法分析文章要點。(2)用討論探究法體驗作者對文中人物的情感態(tài)度。3、情感態(tài)度價值觀(1)正確理解《紅樓夢》的思想內涵,培養(yǎng)學生熱愛祖國傳統(tǒng)文化的思想感情。(2)認識封建大家族的腐朽沒落,理解賈寶玉追求個性自由反封建的精神。
生2:頷聯(lián)的意思是只聽到禁衛(wèi)軍中傳來夜間巡邏的梆子聲,不再向宮中那樣安逸地聽到有雞人打鳴報時的聲音了。生3:頸聯(lián)的意思是說事變發(fā)生那天軍隊發(fā)生嘩變停留不前,但當年唐玄宗以為自己可以和貴妃天天在一起,對天上的牽牛和織女一年一度的會見還加以嘲笑呢。生4:尾聯(lián)的含義是為什么唐玄宗當了四十五年的皇帝,還不如普通百姓夫妻恩愛,長相廝守。師:好的。請大家再齊讀一遍詩文,做到人人都能疏通詩的含義。學生再次齊讀。第三環(huán)節(jié):專項探究師:白居易曾說:“文章合為時而著,歌詩合為事而作。”這首詩就是作者途經(jīng)馬嵬驛,詠馬嵬之變這一歷史事件而作,所以我們鑒賞的第三步,就是通過標題和詩文,弄清詩中的歷史事件。請同學們找出詩中哪些詩句描述了這一事件?
5.課堂練習,夯實基礎。得出原理方法論之后,給學生一分鐘時間記憶,然后一名或幾名學生上講臺默寫,其他同學相互提問。針對這一基本概念,設置一道選擇題。6、播放黃宏、宋丹丹小品《回家》片段,引發(fā)學生的興趣,接著教師展示幾幅關于手機的圖片,然后讓學生結合圖片,進行討論交流解決“合作探究二”,然后進行搶答(可以引發(fā)學生的競爭,從而調動課堂氣氛)。教師在學生回答基礎上,引導學生得出發(fā)展的實質這一結論,接著教師展示“如何判斷一個事物是新事物還是舊事物的標準”,結合這一標準,讓學生判斷“電腦科技算命是不是新事物”,學生很容易就可以得出結論。7.教師簡單總結剛剛學過的內容,引出“運動、變化是不是發(fā)展?”然后讓學生討論交流“合作探究三”。然后進行搶答,教師在學生回答基礎上,稍加點評,給予積極地評價,然后展示答案。8.教師引導學生得出本節(jié)課的第二個原理與方法論,并讓學生當堂記憶,可以簡單提問。然后做課堂達標題,在學生展示答案后,教師簡單點撥即可。
(2).教學手段為了使我根據(jù)教材而設計的三個教學目標以及重點難點得以的突出和突破,達到最大化的展示境界,同時也為了配合以上我選擇的四種教法得以完滿實現(xiàn),我決定采用“多媒體”教學手段進行全程教學。利用電腦的信息容量大,操作簡便等優(yōu)點,形象生動的直觀展示教學內容,不但提高學習效率和質量,而且容易激發(fā)學生的學習興趣和調動學習的積極性。四、說學法我為學生設計了三個學習方法:1.讓學生學會在探究中學。通過“對黑人嚴酷處境的探究”和對文中重點語句的探究,培養(yǎng)學生在探究中學習的能力。2.讓學生學會在讀中學。通過“誦讀法”指導學生在誦讀過程中感受演講詞內在的魅力,學會在讀中學。3.讓學生學會在練習中學。通過“課外延伸練習法”,對所學的知識進行運用,培養(yǎng)學生的創(chuàng)新和自學能力。
一、說教材(一)、教材內容《古代中國的發(fā)明和發(fā)現(xiàn)》是人教版高中歷史必修三第三單元第一課內容,本課教材主要從五個方面的典型事例向學生介紹了古代中國幾千年的科技成就。本課一方面展示了古代中國人民的勤勞智慧以及對世界文明發(fā)展作出的巨大貢獻,另一方面也提出了一個重大問題引起學生的思考,即造成中國科技在近代落后的原因是什么。此外、本課在教材中具有承上啟下的地位和作用,前承中國傳統(tǒng)文化主流思想,后啟現(xiàn)代中國科學技術的發(fā)展。根據(jù)課標要求和教材內容,我將本課的三維目標確定如下:(三)教學目標(1)知識與能力:掌握中國古代科技進步的基礎知識,特別是四大發(fā)明。認識古代中國四大發(fā)明對世界文明發(fā)展的貢獻,以及取得重大成就的原因。⑵過程與方法:通過指導學生課前閱讀課本,在課堂上進行問題探究、實驗體驗以及歷史比較,學會總結歸納。
一、教材分析下面我來談一談對教材的認識:主要從教材的地位和作用、以及在此基礎上確立的教學目標、教學重難點這三個方面來談。首先,來談教材的地位和作用:本課教材內容主要從三個方面向學生介紹了現(xiàn)代中國教育的發(fā)展狀況和趨勢:人民教育的奠基、動亂中的教育和教育的復興,全面講述了新中國教育的三個階段。本課是文化史中中國史部分的最后一課, 也是必修三冊書中唯一涉及教育的一課。而教育是思想文化史中的重要組成部分,江澤民同志在談到教育的時候曾經(jīng)說過,“百年大計,教育為本。教育為本,在于育人”。教育是關系國計民生的大事。學生通過學習新中國教育發(fā)展的史實,理解“科教興國”、“國運興衰,系于教育”的深刻含義。最終由此激發(fā)學生樹立“知識改變命運、讀書成就人生”的信念,樹立勤奮學習、成人成才、報效祖國、服務社會的崇高理想。故本課的教學有極大的現(xiàn)實意義。談完了教材的地位和作用,我再分析一下教學目標:
二、整體感知1.導入新課同學們《細胞生命的禮贊》是一個醫(yī)學家、生物學家關于生命、人生、社會乃至宇宙的思考。思想博大而深邃,信息龐雜而新奇,批評文明,嘲弄愚見,開闊眼界、激發(fā)思索。而其文筆又少見的優(yōu)美、清新、幽默、含蓄,無愧當今科學散文中的大家手筆。無怪乎自1974年出版后,立即引起美國讀書界和評論界的巨大反響和熱烈歡呼,獲得當年美國國家圖書獎,此后18年來由好幾家出版社印了二十多版,至今暢行不衰!年過花甲的劉易斯·托馬斯的名字因這一本小書而家喻戶曉,有口皆碑,以至于在他接連拋出后兩本書時,書商都不用再作廣告,只喊聲"《細胞生命的禮贊》一書作者劉易斯·托馬斯的新著"就夠了。今天我們就來學習選自這部書的精彩章節(jié)《作為生物的社會》(板書課題)。
一、說教材1、本框的地位和作用本框題是人教版普通高中課程標準實驗教科書思想政治必修4《生活與哲學》第三單元第九課第一個框題。從這一框開始學生學習唯物辯證法中最基本的概念——矛盾。世界是普遍聯(lián)系和變化發(fā)展的,聯(lián)系的根本內容是矛盾,發(fā)展的根本動力也是矛盾。矛盾的觀點是唯物辯證法的根本觀點。矛盾規(guī)律即對立統(tǒng)一規(guī)律揭示了事物發(fā)展的源泉和動力。矛盾分析法是我們認識世界和改造世界的根本方法。因而本框題起著承上啟下的作用。2、教學目標知識與技能:識記:矛盾、矛盾同一性、斗爭性的含義;矛盾普遍性、特殊性的含義。理解:矛盾同一性與斗爭性的辯證關系;矛盾普遍性和特殊性的辯證關系及其重要意義。運用:聯(lián)系實例,分析矛盾含義和矛盾普遍性含義;聯(lián)系生活實例,分析矛盾特殊性含義。
二、相對論的創(chuàng)立【課件】展示下列材料艾伯特·愛因斯坦(1879——1955),1879年3月14日誕生在德國烏爾姆的一個猶太人家中。1894年舉家遷居意大利米蘭。1900年畢業(yè)于瑞士蘇黎世工業(yè)大學。愛因斯坦被認為是最富于創(chuàng)造力的科學家,他不但創(chuàng)立了相對論,還提出了光量子的概念,得出了光電效應的基本定律,并揭示了光的波粒二重性本質,為量子力學的建立奠定基礎。為此榮獲1921年度的諾貝爾物理學獎。同時,他還證明了熱的分子運動論,提出了測定分子大小的新方法?!締栴}】19世紀末20世紀初愛因斯坦對物理學的貢獻是什么?意義是什么?為什么會出現(xiàn)?1、背景:經(jīng)典物理學的危機。19世紀末三大發(fā)現(xiàn):x射線、放射性和電子,經(jīng)典力學無法解釋研究中的新問題,如:黑體輻射、光電效應等。2、相對論的提出及主要內容:(1)“狹義相對論”和光速不變原理:1905年提出。
本節(jié)課是人教社物理必修1第三章第三節(jié)的內容,編排在彈力之后。該節(jié)知識既是力學的基礎,也是組成整個高中物理知識的一塊“基石”,所以這節(jié)內容的教學如何引領學生自主積極地探究摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件和影響因素,體驗摩擦力特點規(guī)律的發(fā)生過程是本節(jié)課的重點,應高度重視本節(jié)教學過程;由于摩擦力問題的復雜性,且在具體問題中又表現(xiàn)出“動中有靜,靜中有動”,尤其靜摩擦在許多情形下似乎又是“若有若無,方向不定”,因此,對于初學者也是有一定難度的。也正是由于教材內容的上述特點,本節(jié)課又易于激起學生的求知欲,易于培養(yǎng)學生的辯證觀點,易于錘煉學生的物理素質。要充分用好該節(jié)教材內容,深入挖掘知識間的有機聯(lián)系,對學生開展針對性的思維訓練,進而提高學生應用物理知識解決實際問題的能力和創(chuàng)新思維能力。高中物理《課標》對該知識點的要求是,“通過實驗認識滑動摩擦、靜摩擦的規(guī)律,能用動摩擦因數(shù)計算摩擦力”。其中,對靜摩擦力規(guī)律的認識應該包括最大靜摩擦力。