4、學習任務三:品讀,賞析特色,深入探究。(解決“為什么這么陳情“的問題)文學史上,以獲得“高難度”的險助而又收“高效率”奇功的,首推李密的《陳情表》。“抗君命”、“逆圣旨”,李密是為“辭不赴命”而上書的。讓學生再讀課文,結合導學案中的背景介紹,思考作者為什么這樣陳情。 【方法導引】再讀文本,深入思考作者除了從親情入手打動晉武帝,還從哪些方面陳情以達到自己想要的效果?要求:獨立思考,小組合作,梳理歸納,到黑板上展示。教師補充歸納:本文出于情,歸于理,先動之以情,再曉之以理。李密是亡國舊臣,惹惱晉武帝,會被株連九族。先以祖孫相依為命的親情凄切婉轉的表明心意,喚起晉武帝的憐憫之心,再以“報國恩”“徇私情”的兩難和朝廷以“孝”治國以及自己為官追求等,打消皇帝疑慮,最終提出先盡孝后盡忠的解決方案,以情動人,構思縝密。整篇《陳情表》密布著感情的濃云,陳情于事,寓理于情,凄惻動人。
一、說目標本課我制定的教學目標有三:1.學習《荷塘月色》中細膩、傳神的語言,體會新鮮貼切的比喻、通感所產(chǎn)生的表達效果。2.通過朗讀、品讀、賞讀,掌握《荷塘月色》描寫景物及情景交融的寫法,體會其嚴謹?shù)慕Y構。3.了解心中情和筆下景,體會本文感性與理性交織構成的獨特情致,培養(yǎng)學生高尚的審美情趣。我確定以上目標的依據(jù)有三:一是基于對新課標的理解:新的語文課程標準在閱讀上的要求是“感受文學形象,品味文學作品語言和藝術技巧的表現(xiàn)力,初步鑒賞文學作品?!倍腔趯滩牡恼J識:《荷塘月色》作為本單元第一篇課文,承擔著奠定基礎的任務,即幫助學生通過閱讀本課,理解和明確散文應該“讀什么”和學會散文應該“怎么讀”,然后在學習《故都的秋》和《囚綠記》的過程中去實踐、檢驗、修正,不斷增強散文鑒賞的能力,從而提高審美情趣。
我將本節(jié)課分為三個部分:1.情境導入先運用多媒體,展示電影《赤壁》的幾張圖片,通過“赤壁之戰(zhàn)”將三國時期這場經(jīng)典戰(zhàn)爭諸葛亮的智謀呈現(xiàn)給學生,吸引學生走進歷史,激發(fā)想象力和趣味性,提高學生的學習主動性。在成功吸引學生注意力過后,再向他們說,這只是歷史中的一部分,在“赤壁之戰(zhàn)”前后,諸葛亮一生的故事是怎樣的呢?下面我們來看看唐代大詩人杜甫的《蜀相》,他是怎樣用精辟的詩句概括的。2.講授新課在成功吸引學生注意力后,迅速將他們帶入課文講授階段。第一,進行作者介紹,其目的是為了使學生在整體上把握詩人的經(jīng)歷、寫作技巧、藝術風格及寫作背景。第二,多誦讀,多推敲,理解詩中的言外之意。第三,把握重點詞語,分析景物意象,體味作者的思想感情和作品的深層意蘊。感受詩人憂國憂民強烈的愛國主義感情。
這五個問題,主要從學情出發(fā),由淺入深,從感知到理論,培養(yǎng)學生的鑒賞能力。第三環(huán)節(jié):延伸探究、展示成果(多媒體顯示)走出文本,引入課外同類文學現(xiàn)象,讓學生能夠觸類旁通,舉一反三,把教材作為一個例子,讓學生在深入的文學鑒賞中再次獲得語言的審美。同學們初步掌握了文學語言具有暗示性的性質后,還需鞏固、提升鑒賞能力!這里我采取的方法是:引導學生認真閱讀文本,經(jīng)小組合作探究后,得出本組的鑒賞成果并加以展示,這里重在培養(yǎng)學生的理解能力和分析綜合能力。問題是:1、 請結合下面三首詞的意境,選用殘紅、落紅、亂紅填空。2、 閱讀下面這些句子,理解“燕”在詞語中的暗示意義。該環(huán)節(jié)充分體現(xiàn)了 “ 教師為主導,學生為主體”的原則。老師的適時點撥,讓學生的鑒賞思路更加清晰。學生通過合作探究,理解能力和分析綜合能力得到了提升。
(三)以讀帶講,感知文本1.學生朗讀首先我會讓學生結合書下的注釋自由大聲的朗讀本篇課文,掃清文字障礙,感知詞意。此環(huán)節(jié)可以讓學生在誦讀中解決詞中的生字困難,疏通文意。2.教師范讀我會聲情并茂、感情充沛的進行配樂朗誦。此環(huán)節(jié)力求讓學生感受到詞的音樂美,懂得詞的朗誦方法,為深入理解詞的內容做準備。(四)精講細讀,深入文本此環(huán)節(jié)主要解決本課的重點,所以我會運用合作教學法和點撥教學法引導學生分析詞中典故,探討作者寫作目的。首先我將學生分為孫權劉裕組、劉義隆組、拓跋燾組、廉頗組四個小組。然后對這四個小組分別提出思考問題,讓學生以小組為單位解決我提出的問題。在學生討論結束后分別找每個小組中的一位同學回答,并引導點撥學生答案。孫權劉裕組:
2.對比聯(lián)想法。讓學生在誦讀的基礎上,對《再別康橋》中康橋美景的賞析和意象進行解讀,引導學生欣賞詩歌的畫面美,從而受到審美的體驗。3.探究式學習法。引導學生對《再別康橋》情感和主題的探究。充分發(fā)揮學生自主學習的能力,引導學生主動地獲取知識,重視學生的實踐活動。三、學法1、誦讀法 加強誦讀,這是閱讀詩詞的一般方法。2、體悟法 通過意象把握情感,主要是讓學生設身處地走進雨巷去感悟。3、聯(lián)想比較法 通過與詩人的其他作品的比較學習,體會創(chuàng)作風格及作者情感。四、教學過程教學過程設計一、導入自古以來,離別總免不了沉重的愁緒。比如王維《宋元二使安西》:勸君更盡一杯酒,西出陽關無故人。李白《黃鶴樓送孟浩然之廣陵》:孤帆遠影碧空盡,唯見長江天際流。柳永《雨霖鈴》執(zhí)手相看淚眼,竟無語凝噎。正所謂自古多情傷離別,更那堪冷落清秋節(jié)啊。(設計目的:以離別主題的詩歌導入課文,讓學生更快地進入課文情境。)
(3)夸張到極致的技巧: (學生尋找出詩歌中的夸張語句,談出感受)(4)多樣的詩歌意境: 為了表達主觀感受與目的的需要,詩歌中構織不同的意境:高峻、宏偉、神奇、凄清、恐怖等各種意境均有描繪,而這些意境又統(tǒng)統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)一個“難”字。(5)神秘的傳說: “五丁開山”“太陽神回車”“子規(guī)哀啼”等傳說的出現(xiàn),使全詩籠罩一種神秘氣氛,也從另一個角度表現(xiàn)出了一個“難”字。九.課后探討本文主旨歷來爭議不定,明確詩歌的主旨和情感。 我首先指導方法, “知人論世” 是評論文學作品的一種原則 。知人,就是了解作者其人及作者與作品的關系。論世,就是要了解作者所處的時代、環(huán)境。接著打出李白在長安的介紹。說明李白躊躇滿志而來,卻受到權貴的忌恨,被放還鄉(xiāng)。接著打出唐玄宗時期的介紹,說明太平景象背后潛伏的危機。然后讓學生分組討論,本課的寫作意圖是什么?
三、說教學目標:根據(jù)教材特點、學生學情,結合單元的教學要求和本課特點,我確定本節(jié)課的教學目標為:1、語言建構與運用:把握小說主要內容,梳理小說情節(jié)。2、思維發(fā)展與提升:鑒賞文本,品味人物形象,探究造成人物悲劇的社會根源。3、審美鑒賞與創(chuàng)造:分析祥林嫂人物形象,學習本文塑造人物形象的方法。4、文化傳承與理解:認識封建禮教的罪惡,培養(yǎng)學生反封建意識及斗爭意識,體會魯迅小說的社會批判性。四、說教學重難點:教學重點:分析祥林嫂的人物形象。教學難點:體會次要人物身上的內涵,探究造成人物悲劇的社會根源。五、說教法學法:教法:任務導向 啟發(fā)與點撥 講授學法:問題探究 小組合作 展示學習是自覺的能力,合作是團隊的探究,通過指導自學,小組學習,提升合作學習的能力,讓學生掌握科學的學習方法,教法上,我充分遵從認知規(guī)律和教學規(guī)律,尊重學生主體地位以學習任務為驅動,以情境創(chuàng)設為手段,啟
學生借助對對聯(lián)的賞析,回味杜甫窮年漂泊的一生,體會杜甫作為一個深受儒家思想影響的讀書人,忠君念闕,心系蒼生的偉大情懷。(這一設計理念源于孟子所云:“誦其文,讀其詩,不知其人,可乎?是以論其世也?!敝苏撌朗氰b賞詩歌的第一步 )(二)研讀課文1、初讀,朗讀吟誦,感知韻律美。要求學生讀準字音,讀懂句意,體會律詩的節(jié)奏、押韻的順暢之美。2、再讀,披詞入情,感受感情美。讓學生用一個字概括這首詩的情感內容。(此教學設計是從新課標要求的文學作品應先整體感知,培養(yǎng)學生歸納推理的邏輯思維能力出發(fā)進行的設計。)其答案是一個“悲”字,由此輻射出兩個問題:詩人因何而“悲”?如何寫“悲”?(此問題設計順勢而出,目的在于培養(yǎng)學生探究問題的能力。)
全班齊讀第五段內容。請一位同學分析,接著讓這位同學按他分析的讀一遍。3、4兩自然段的平緩之后,第5段作者的情感再次抬升。為了滿足這種情感的張揚,作一口氣連用了四個排比句式“現(xiàn)在是……時候”,一方面這是情感發(fā)泄的需要,另一方面這種排山倒海的語勢也加強了內容的表達,極強地突出了現(xiàn)實為自由、平等而戰(zhàn)的重要性。四、學會演講我們剛才細讀了課文,但讀和講是有區(qū)別的。所謂演講,是一門語言藝術,它的主要形式是“講”,即運用有聲語言并追求言辭的表現(xiàn)力和聲音的感染力;同時還要輔之以“演”,即運用面部表情、手勢動作、身體姿態(tài)乃至一切可以理解的態(tài)勢語言,使講話“藝術化”起來,從而產(chǎn)生一種非凡的藝術魅力。那么,接下來就假設一下假如你是馬丁·路德·金,你會怎樣去講這篇演講辭。
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
1. 標題首先根據(jù)海報的特點、格式寫明標題。海報中往往把內容作為大標題。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海報其正文部分的側重點不同。對于介紹性的海報, 首先要引出話題, 其次列出原因, 最后是總結。對于宣傳類的海報, 要寫明具體內容, 如: 活動內容, 地點以及參加活動的注意事項, 主持或舉辦單位等。1. 圖片: 要選擇引人注目的圖片, 與主題要相關, 色彩明亮。話題句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我國的國寶。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上僅現(xiàn)存幾千只熊貓。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因為人類的活動, 老虎處于瀕危的狀態(tài)。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生動物面臨著滅絕的危險。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施來保護它們。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人們應該提高保護野生動物的意識。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃驚, 目前中國僅有不足1 000只江豚。
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
(2).教學手段為了使我根據(jù)教材而設計的三個教學目標以及重點難點得以的突出和突破,達到最大化的展示境界,同時也為了配合以上我選擇的四種教法得以完滿實現(xiàn),我決定采用“多媒體”教學手段進行全程教學。利用電腦的信息容量大,操作簡便等優(yōu)點,形象生動的直觀展示教學內容,不但提高學習效率和質量,而且容易激發(fā)學生的學習興趣和調動學習的積極性。四、說學法我為學生設計了三個學習方法:1.讓學生學會在探究中學。通過“對黑人嚴酷處境的探究”和對文中重點語句的探究,培養(yǎng)學生在探究中學習的能力。2.讓學生學會在讀中學。通過“誦讀法”指導學生在誦讀過程中感受演講詞內在的魅力,學會在讀中學。3.讓學生學會在練習中學。通過“課外延伸練習法”,對所學的知識進行運用,培養(yǎng)學生的創(chuàng)新和自學能力。
教材分析改革開放后我國的綜合國力不斷增強,人民對祖國統(tǒng)一的愿望越來越迫切。本節(jié)課以“一國兩制”構想的提出,香港、澳門的回歸和海峽兩岸關系的發(fā)展為中心,說明實現(xiàn)祖國統(tǒng)一,完成中華民族復興是歷史發(fā)展的必然。第一目“‘一國兩制’構想的提出”主要講述了“一國兩制”的含義及歷史意義。第二目“香港、澳門的回歸”著重講述了香港回歸、澳門回歸的經(jīng)過及歷史意義,這是“一國兩制”成功的實踐。第三目“海峽兩岸關系的發(fā)展”講述了大陸注重發(fā)展與臺灣的關系,促進海峽兩岸的經(jīng)濟文化交流與合作,打破了幾十年來海峽兩岸的隔絕狀態(tài),促進了祖國統(tǒng)一的進程。此外,教材還通過“資料回放”“歷史縱橫”“學思之窗”等欄目,為學生學習提供了一些詳細的史料。在教學中要分析圖表資料,引導學生理解完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè),實現(xiàn)中華民族的復興,是任何人也阻擋不了的歷史潮流。
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “restrictive relative clauses.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the relative pronouns and relative adverbs. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar, such as the “preposition+ relative pronouns which and whom” and cases where we can omit the relative pronouns. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.本節(jié)語法思考:定語從句在復合句中的作用是什么? 關系詞有哪些?定語從句在復合句中的作用相當于形容詞,它在句中作定語修飾名詞或代詞。他們在先行詞和定語從句之間起到聯(lián)系作用,同時在意義上代表先行詞并在定語從句中擔任一個成分。被定語從句所修飾的詞稱先行詞,定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑選出來參加運動會。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨跡還沒有從他外套上去掉。
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _______________(把車停下來(park))in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could ______________________(讓我們的車充電(charge)).2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it ___________ that there were no audio guides____________(留下,剩下).3. We__________________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對...很驚訝)the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy ____________________(眼神專注于) Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She ____________________(把這幅畫的復制品裝箱(box)) to ensure that it was delivered safely.答案:1.had our car parked get our car battery charged 2. announced left 3. found ourselves very surprised 4. had her eyes fixed on 5. had a copy of the painting boxed二、用過去分詞對下列句子進行改寫。1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friend stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.答案:1. Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4. The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.