一、教材分析(一)、內(nèi)容、地位和作用這節(jié)課是義務教育課程標準實驗教科書北師大版七年級第6章《數(shù)據(jù)的收集與表示》第一節(jié)《數(shù)據(jù)的收集》的第一課時。在此之前,學生在已經(jīng)學習了一些初步的數(shù)據(jù)的處理問題,對運用數(shù)據(jù)去解決日常生活中的實際問題已有所了解,知道了運用數(shù)據(jù)的價值。本節(jié)課是在此基礎上對數(shù)據(jù)的收集又有了更進一步的學習與挖掘。為后面運用數(shù)據(jù)的知識去分析一些現(xiàn)象打下基礎。新的義務教育課程標準與我國以往的數(shù)學課程相比,在教學內(nèi)容上大大加強了統(tǒng)計和概率,在教學方法上積極倡導自主探索和合作學習,幫助學生通過反復觀察,了解不確定的現(xiàn)象也能夠表現(xiàn)出規(guī)律,整個內(nèi)容圍繞真實的數(shù)據(jù)展開教學。依據(jù)新課程標準,在教學中,應注重所學內(nèi)容與日常生活、自然、社會和科學技術領域的聯(lián)系,使學生體會統(tǒng)計與概率對制定決策的重要作用。
五、課堂設計理念本節(jié)課著力體現(xiàn)以下幾個方面:1、突出問題的應用意識。在各個環(huán)節(jié)的安排上都設計成一個個問題,使學生能圍繞問題展開討思考、討論,進行學習。2、體現(xiàn)學生的主體意識。讓學生通過列算式與列方程的比較,分別歸納出它們的特點,從而感受到從算術方法到代數(shù)方法是數(shù)學的進步;讓學生通過合作交流,得出問題的不同解法;讓學生對一節(jié)課的學習內(nèi)容、方法、注意點等進行歸納。3、體現(xiàn)學生思維的層次性。教師首先引導學生嘗試用算術方法解決問題,然后再引導學生列出含未知數(shù)的式了,尋找相等關系列出方程,在尋找相等關系、設未知數(shù)及作業(yè)的布置等環(huán)節(jié)中都注意了學生思維的層次性。4、滲透建模思想。把實際問題中的數(shù)量關系用方程形式表示出來,就是建立一種數(shù)學模型,教師有意識地按設未知數(shù)、列方程等步驟組織學生學習,就是培養(yǎng)學生由實際問題抽象出方程模型的能力。
通過有針對性的練習,鞏固所學,拓展知識,形成應用能力。本環(huán)節(jié)主要是針對學生對本節(jié)內(nèi)容的掌握程度進行檢測反饋。學生在經(jīng)過自學、置疑、解疑、教師點撥后作一套本節(jié)的檢測題。做完后,教師或學生給出答案,并給予簡單解析。教師對檢測成績做以簡單的統(tǒng)計,了解本節(jié)課的學習效果。檢測題必須精心設計與安排,因為學生在做經(jīng)過精心安排的檢測題時,不僅在積極地掌握數(shù)學知識,而且能獲得進行創(chuàng)造性思維的能力。要充分發(fā)揮檢測題的功能,設計檢測題時應由淺入深、難易適當、逐步提高、突出重點與關鍵、注意題型的搭配。在試題設計上,應將知識、素質(zhì)、能力的考查統(tǒng)一起來,既有知識性、分析性題目,又有應用性、直覺形象性題目。提高創(chuàng)新性題型的比重和難度,少問“是什么”,多問“為什么”、“對某些問題,你以為如何”等,增強答案的發(fā)散性。
Step 3 (3b)First, tell the students when we talk about our future plans, we often use: I’m+verb+ing When we talk about what we must do, we use have to. Ask the students to fill in the blanks in 3b. The answers are: shopping, go to see, a test, I’m going, my family. Step 4 (3c)Let the students write an e-mail message to a friend. Say why you can’t visit next. Before the exercise, ask the students to give some possible answers and write them on the blackboard. So the students will feel easy to finish the writing exercise. After they finish it, Let them to correct it in groups first. Each group chooses theirs best one to read in front of the whole class. Step 5 ( planning a party )First read the conversation in the box together. Then ask the students to turn to page 88.Write down everything you have to do next week. Write in all the things you have to do . Ask the students to look at the list. Ask them “What day are you free?” This is when you can have your party. Step 6 (Self check 1 )Let the students to fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the forms of the words if possible. Then make their own sentences. The answers are: visit, playing, have to, study, comeStep 7 (Self check 2)Imagine you are Marie. Read the information and look at your schedule. Write replies to the invitation.
1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接著,……最后,……這是英語中表達做某事的步驟的一種說法。如果步驟較多,還可以說:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你會聽到說英語國家的人在說 first, next, then, finally 和后面的內(nèi)容時,他們會做一些停頓。這樣就能提前告訴聽者接下來講的是一系列的步驟。這一點在朗讀和聽力中應特別注意。2. how many, how much均為疑問詞,同是“多少”,但用法不同。請看:how many修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但在用法上,同學們常犯如下錯誤:1) [誤] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容詞,常修飾名詞作定語,故后面跟名詞。2) [誤]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。how many與how much的區(qū)別可簡記為:前how many:問“多少”,復數(shù)名詞后面跑;how much問“多少”,不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)好。前者答語用基數(shù)詞,后者答語用數(shù)量關系。
“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation
一、 教學內(nèi)容Section A 1a----1c二、 教學目標1.學習詞匯do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, sweep the floor, clean the living room.2.句型 Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.三、 教學準備 學生預習本單元所有的詞匯多媒體課件 活動表 獎品四、 教學過程Pre-task1. Warming upEnjoy ourselves. Watch cartoon Cinderella. 看動畫片段《灰姑娘》導如入本課話題和新詞匯“chores”美麗善良的鬼姑娘因繼母的嫉妒,每天得做所有的家務。片段的主題使學生聯(lián)想到本課的話題。2. learn new words and phrasesLook! What is she / he dong? 看圖學習動詞詞組do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.3. Guessing game.What is she doing ? 4. Pair work. 1a, Do you do these things at home? Write “Y” for “yes” and “N” for “no”.5. Listening . 1b , Peter’s chores or Mom’s chores?理解目標語Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.Write “M” for Mom’s chores, “P” for Peter’s chores in the chart.6. PairworkLook at the picture,Ask your partner to do the chores that you see. 7. Interview Who is the most able at home? 1) What chores do you do at home? How often do you do the chores? Work in four, interview each of the students in the group, fill in the chart.
Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…h(huán)ow far from school she lives.…h(huán)ow long it takes to get to school.…h(huán)ow she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽車站 transportation n. 運送;運輸Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.
Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來計劃或行動. 4. 特殊疑問句(where , when , how long引導) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人稱練習對話.
教學目標1.知識目標:(1)學習What are you going to be when you grow up?/How are you going to do that?句式。(2)學會用英語描述有關職業(yè)的表達法。2.能力目標:(1)能夠談論為實現(xiàn)理想所做出的打算和安排。(2)能夠談論未來自己與他人理想的職業(yè)及原因。(3)能用英語描述課余時間的活動安排,最終具備表達綜合信息的能力。3.情感目標:新學期到來之際,讓他們在學習、體育、飲食、特長、讀書等方面制定計劃,教育學生合理安排自己的課外生活,思考自己的理想職業(yè)及適合自己的職業(yè)。教學重點、難點本單元的重點為“be going to”表將來,want to be, what,where, when,how引導的特殊疑問句。難點是語言目標的實現(xiàn)。教材分析本單元以I am going to be a basketball player為話題,共設計了三部分的內(nèi)容:一、Section A該部分有4個模塊。第一模塊圍繞Do you think these jobs are interesting?這一話題展開思維(1a)、聽力(1b)、口語(1c)訓練;
1 交通工具的比較此活動為小組活動。學生通過討論找出到達某一城市可乘坐的各種交通工具,并選擇最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建議:(1)學生以小組為單位展開活動,談論本組所選擇的交通工具。(2)各組選代表向全班匯報,闡述本組所選擇的交通工具的利和弊。完成任務所需要的語言結構:We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪個城市更合適?此活動具有挑戰(zhàn)性。假設中國要舉行2014年世界杯足球賽,分別從歷史,人文,天氣等方面對各城市(北京,大連,上海,昆明)進行比較,選擇最佳舉辦城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.
教學重點和難點:運用所掌握的語言描述,比較不同地點的特點。在練習中學習掌握英語比較級和最高級的用法。課前準備分配小組,每組五至六人。通過上網(wǎng)或翻閱報刊雜志等方法,確定旅游線路,做出基本的旅游計劃。教學設計:本節(jié)課流程圖 學法指導:1.由于這是一堂新課,在教學中應注意面向全體,發(fā)揮學生的主體性,引導學生積極參與,激發(fā)學生的求知欲和學習積極性,指導學生積極思維,主動獲取知識,養(yǎng)成良好的學習方法。逐步學會獨立解決問題??傊M可能調(diào)動學生的非智力因素促進智力因素的發(fā)展。教法選擇:1.電化教學法2.課堂討論法3.任務型教學法采用這些方法的目的是為了充分調(diào)動學生的學習積極性,使學生變被動學習為主動學習。通過電腦形象的演示,加強印象,提高興趣,突破難點,提高教學效率,進而增大教學的容量和信息量。充分體現(xiàn)教師為主導,學生為主體的教學原則。
She shouldn’t go to the party tonight.Step7. TaskT: You know, there are lots of problems in our life. If you are a doctor, please tell us how to solve the problem. I will divide you into 9 groups. Please work in groups. And then choose one of you to report your ideas.The following are the problems:I have a toothache.I am hungry. I have a sore throat.I am stressed out. I have a sore back.I am tired. I can’t sleep.I have a cold. I have a headache.Report: If you have a headache, you should go to bed early. You should see the doctor. You should eat some medicine. You shouldn’t wash your face with cold water.You shouldn’t sleep late.You shouldn’t swim.…..T encourages the students to give advice as much as possible.Homework:1. Chose one of the problems, and write down your advice2. Copy the new words這一步是用于熱身的,同時也可以讓他們復習一部分的表示人體部位的單詞,擴充知識.學習語言的過程也是一個不斷積累的過程,復習舊知識,增添新知識.通過小游戲,強化學生對Does she/he have…這個句子的運用能力.通過復習,自然的引到下面新知識的學習。充分利用表格,由句子到對話,再到文章,讓學生循序漸進. 提高學生的綜合語言運用能力,運用以前學過的知識來解決身邊的問題.Period 5 (Section B 3a—3c, selfcheck)教學內(nèi)容與分析:
二、教學 1a,1b.1.First the teacher asks the students what kind of fruit food and drink you like the best and writes down on the blackboard.教師問學生最喜歡什么水果和飲料并把它們寫在黑板上。比如:potato chips,ice cream,tea,lemon,chocolate,oranges,salad,popcorn,pickle and so on.2.接著叫學生表達以上食物的味道,引出新單詞——sweet,crispy,salty,sour,delicious,hot,awful,nice…并且完成lb教學內(nèi)容通過此活動,以舊帶新引入新單詞。其目的是讓學生自主學習新知識。 三、教學 2a,2b1.首先,聽力前的brainstormFirst,Let students describe how potato chips taste and describe how helpful the potato chips.Then,ask:When and where were potato chips invented?Who were potato chips invented by?How were potato chips invented?(Let students guess according to the following key words.)Key words:by accident,customer,restaurant,by mistake.(說明:通過問題讓學生對對話內(nèi)容有整體了解,為聽力練習做好準備;又培養(yǎng)學生的注意力,想像力,觀察力。)
教學目標:1.學習現(xiàn)在完成時。2.學already和yet用法。3. 能夠運用所學知識,談論或詢問最近已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情語言功能:能夠運用所學知識,談論或詢問最近已經(jīng)發(fā)生的語言結構:現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)、一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時語言目標:Have you watered the plants yet?No, I haven’t.Have you fed the cat?No, I haven’t fed her yet.I have to do my homework. I started about an hour ago, but I haven’t finished. I will visit Hong Kong next year.重點詞匯及短語:water, wood, farm, ocean, hit, appear, turn, government, thousands of, southern, villager, strongly, step, clean out, some day, be off, so far, go for walks, thanks to, look forward to學習策略與思維技巧:引導、合作跨學科學習:歷史知識、文化學習教學重點:現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的構成及應用教學難點:現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別 學習方式:自主、合作學習 情感目標: 教育學生做事情要有條理,養(yǎng)成“今日事,今日畢”的好習慣。培養(yǎng)學生養(yǎng)成反省的好習慣。增強學生做事的條理性及計劃性。課前任務:記錄和查找自己和別人已做過或仍沒做的事情。
大家請看,鐘面上現(xiàn)在表示的是幾時?(下午1時)下午1時我們還可以怎樣表示?(13時)下午1時就是13時,你是怎么想到用13時表示的?在一日內(nèi),由于第一圈走了12小時,所以時針在走第二圈時,我們就要把時針指的鐘面上的時刻數(shù)分別加上12,這就是我們今天要學習的24時記時法。比如,現(xiàn)在鐘面上是下午1時,根據(jù)24時記時法就應該是?(13時)。那么下午2時、3時、6時、晚上7時30分、9時50分用24時計時法怎樣表示?你是怎樣想的?(繼續(xù)看畫面。)這時,同學們又開始了下午的學習生活。16時,同學們結束了一天的學習,回到了家中。時間一晃就到了21時,也就是我們常說的夜間九點。這時我們又該上床休息了。時間一分一秒地過去了,又是午夜12點,夜深人靜,一天又過去了。這種用0時到24時來表示一天時間的記時方法我們就把它叫做24時記時法。師小結:同學們,一天的時間很快就會過去,我們要珍惜時間,合理地安排好一天的作息時間。4、觀察鐘面:你發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么?(同一指針可以表示晚上12時、0時、24時。)抽幾個時間板書。觀察普通計時法和24時計時法,發(fā)現(xiàn)他們有什么區(qū)別呢?同桌之間互相交流一下。
(3)教師在黑板上話好直線,在相應的點上用小圖片代表大樹和學生,在問怎樣用數(shù)表示這些學生和大樹的相對位置關系?(讓學生把直線上的點和正負數(shù)對應起來。(4)學生回答,教師在相應點的下方標出對應的數(shù),再讓學生說說直線上其他幾個點代表的數(shù),讓學生對數(shù)軸上的點表示的正負數(shù)形成相對完整的認識。(5)總結:我們可以像這樣在直線上表示出正數(shù)、0和負數(shù),像這樣的直線我們叫數(shù)軸。(6)引導學生觀察:A、從0起往右依次是?從0起往左依次是?你發(fā)現(xiàn)什么規(guī)律?B、在數(shù)軸上分別找到1.5和-1.5對應的點。如果從起點分別到.5和-1.5處,應如何運動?(7)練習:做一做的第1、2題。(二)教學例4:1、出示未來一周的天氣情況,讓學生把未來一周每天的最低氣溫在數(shù)軸上表示出來,并比較他們的大小。
教學目標:1、會用多得多、少得多、多一些、少一些等詞語形象地描述兩個100以內(nèi)的數(shù)之間的大小關系,培養(yǎng)學生的數(shù)感和語言表達能力。2、在觀察、比較的過程中,逐步發(fā)展估計意識和簡單的推理能力。3、在觀察、操作、討論、交流的小組式的學習過程中激發(fā)學生的學習興趣,培養(yǎng)合作意識和主動探求知識的能力,從而感知數(shù)學無處不在。教學重點:理解多一些、多得多、少一些、少得多的相對性含義,并能夠用準確地語言進行表述。教學難點:相對性的理解并能進行正確地表述。教學過程:一、復習舊知。在O里填上>、<或=。63O7558O5898O10056O65先填空再說出比較方法。(復習舊知。)
教學內(nèi)容:復習100以內(nèi)的數(shù)。(教材第98頁第1~4題。)教學目標:(1) 認識計數(shù)單位“一”和“十”,理解個位、十位上的數(shù)所表示的意義,能夠熟練地數(shù)100以內(nèi)的數(shù),會正確讀寫100以內(nèi)的數(shù),掌握100以內(nèi)數(shù)的組成。(2) 掌握100以內(nèi)數(shù)的順序,會比較100以內(nèi)數(shù)的大小。會用100以內(nèi)的數(shù)來表達和交流。(3) 在復習過程中,感受100以內(nèi)數(shù)的應用意義,感受數(shù)學與生活的密切聯(lián)系。教學重點:會讀寫100以內(nèi)的數(shù),并能進行簡單數(shù)的大小比較。教學難點:數(shù)位順序及數(shù)位上數(shù)的意義。教學準備;計數(shù)器。教學過程:一、復習數(shù)位出示計數(shù)器。(1) 計數(shù)器從右邊數(shù)起,第一位是什么位?第二位是什么位?第三位是什么位?個位上的一顆珠子表示幾個幾?十位上的1顆珠子表示幾個幾?百位上1顆珠子表示幾個幾?(課件演示)(2) 為什么都是1顆珠子,所表示的數(shù)不同呢?(3) 10個一是多少?10個十是多少?100里面有幾個一?
教學內(nèi)容:書上第84頁公頃、平方千米教學目標:1、讓學生知道公頃、平方千米是更大的面積單位,了解1公頃、1平方千米的實際大小。2、知道1公頃=10000平方米,1平方千米=100公頃。3、培養(yǎng)學生的空間觀察和動手操作能力,培養(yǎng)學生的愛國主義情感。教學重點:使學生了解1公頃、1平方千米的大小。掌握土地面積單位間的進率。教學難點:建立1公頃及1平方千米的實際概念,能區(qū)分兩個單位。教學準備:課件教學過程:一、鞏固舊知,作好鋪墊。1、常用的面積單位有哪些?2、用打手勢表示一下1平方厘米、1平方分米、1平方米的大小。3、填寫正確的面積單位:指甲的面數(shù)學書本的封面黑板的面二、引入:同學們,我們一起來看看體育場的圖片,你們有什么感想?出示:(體育場太大了)那還能用我們前面學過的面積單位進行測量嗎?這就是我們今天要學的比平方米更大的面積單位:公頃和平方千米。(出示課題:公頃、平方千米)三、新授1、通常我們在測量土地面積時,要用到更大的面積單位,公頃和平方千米。它們到底有多大呢?這節(jié)課我們就來了解一下。
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